Patronus: Interpretable Diffusion Models with Prototypes

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Weng, Nina, Feragen, Aasa, Bigdeli, Siavash
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Weng, Nina
Feragen, Aasa
Bigdeli, Siavash
author_facet Weng, Nina
Feragen, Aasa
Bigdeli, Siavash
contents Uncovering the opacity of diffusion-based generative models is urgently needed, as their applications continue to expand while their underlying procedures largely remain a black box. With a critical question -- how can the diffusion generation process be interpreted and understood? -- we proposed Patronus, an interpretable diffusion model that incorporates a prototypical network to encode semantics in visual patches, revealing what visual patterns are modeled and where and when they emerge throughout denoising. This interpretability of Patronus provides deeper insights into the generative mechanism, enabling the detection of shortcut learning via unwanted correlations and the tracing of semantic emergence across timesteps. We evaluate Patronus on four natural image datasets and one medical imaging dataset, demonstrating both faithful interpretability and strong generative performance. With this work, we open new avenues for understanding and steering diffusion models through prototype-based interpretability.\\ Our code is available at https://github.com/nina-weng/patronus}{https://github.com/nina-weng/patronus.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_22782
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Patronus: Interpretable Diffusion Models with Prototypes
Weng, Nina
Feragen, Aasa
Bigdeli, Siavash
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Uncovering the opacity of diffusion-based generative models is urgently needed, as their applications continue to expand while their underlying procedures largely remain a black box. With a critical question -- how can the diffusion generation process be interpreted and understood? -- we proposed Patronus, an interpretable diffusion model that incorporates a prototypical network to encode semantics in visual patches, revealing what visual patterns are modeled and where and when they emerge throughout denoising. This interpretability of Patronus provides deeper insights into the generative mechanism, enabling the detection of shortcut learning via unwanted correlations and the tracing of semantic emergence across timesteps. We evaluate Patronus on four natural image datasets and one medical imaging dataset, demonstrating both faithful interpretability and strong generative performance. With this work, we open new avenues for understanding and steering diffusion models through prototype-based interpretability.\\ Our code is available at https://github.com/nina-weng/patronus}{https://github.com/nina-weng/patronus.
title Patronus: Interpretable Diffusion Models with Prototypes
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.22782