Cell-Free Massive MIMO Under Mobility: A Fairness-Differentiated Handover Scheme
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866918264816271360 |
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| author | Xiao, Yunlu Petrova, Marina Simić, Ljiljana |
| author_facet | Xiao, Yunlu Petrova, Marina Simić, Ljiljana |
| contents | While cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) offers high network-wide throughput in static networks, especially for the worst-served users, its performance in mobile networks is not yet fully addressed. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of a mobile CF-mMIMO network under a comprehensive throughput model and show that it suffers from large performance degradation due to the combined effect of channel aging and handover delay. To restore the performance of CF-mMIMO under mobility, we formulate a novel optimization problem to maximize the nett throughput given by our comprehensive throughput model. We propose a near-optimal handover scheme, nearOpt, by directly solving the relaxed optimization problem with Newton's method. We then design a heuristic scheme, FairDiff, to prioritize handovers for the poorly-served users using a policy threshold based on Jain's fairness index, which achieves equivalently good performance as nearOpt but with an order of magnitude lower complexity. We present an extensive evaluation of the mobile throughput performance of our handover schemes under realistic urban network distributions and UE mobility patterns. Our results show that, unlike the existing literature benchmarks that either obtain very low throughput for the worst-performing users or high throughput at the cost of very high computational complexity, our FairDiff scheme consistently achieves the highest network-wide throughput with the lowest computational complexity among all considered schemes. We thus for the first time propose a handover scheme that delivers the promise of uniformly good throughput for mobile CF-mMIMO, making it a feasible architecture for practical mobile networks. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_24081 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Cell-Free Massive MIMO Under Mobility: A Fairness-Differentiated Handover Scheme Xiao, Yunlu Petrova, Marina Simić, Ljiljana Networking and Internet Architecture While cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) offers high network-wide throughput in static networks, especially for the worst-served users, its performance in mobile networks is not yet fully addressed. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of a mobile CF-mMIMO network under a comprehensive throughput model and show that it suffers from large performance degradation due to the combined effect of channel aging and handover delay. To restore the performance of CF-mMIMO under mobility, we formulate a novel optimization problem to maximize the nett throughput given by our comprehensive throughput model. We propose a near-optimal handover scheme, nearOpt, by directly solving the relaxed optimization problem with Newton's method. We then design a heuristic scheme, FairDiff, to prioritize handovers for the poorly-served users using a policy threshold based on Jain's fairness index, which achieves equivalently good performance as nearOpt but with an order of magnitude lower complexity. We present an extensive evaluation of the mobile throughput performance of our handover schemes under realistic urban network distributions and UE mobility patterns. Our results show that, unlike the existing literature benchmarks that either obtain very low throughput for the worst-performing users or high throughput at the cost of very high computational complexity, our FairDiff scheme consistently achieves the highest network-wide throughput with the lowest computational complexity among all considered schemes. We thus for the first time propose a handover scheme that delivers the promise of uniformly good throughput for mobile CF-mMIMO, making it a feasible architecture for practical mobile networks. |
| title | Cell-Free Massive MIMO Under Mobility: A Fairness-Differentiated Handover Scheme |
| topic | Networking and Internet Architecture |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.24081 |