Two-photon microscopy using picosecond pulses from four-wave mixing in a Yb-doped photonic crystal fiber
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866908296499167232 |
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| author | Krawczyk, B. Kudlinski, A. Murray, R. T. Schultz, S. R. Foust, A. J. Runcorn, T. H. |
| author_facet | Krawczyk, B. Kudlinski, A. Murray, R. T. Schultz, S. R. Foust, A. J. Runcorn, T. H. |
| contents | Two-photon microscopy (TPM) enables deep tissue imaging but requires excitation pulses that have a large product of average and peak power, typically supplied by femtosecond solid-state lasers. However, these lasers are bulky and femtosecond pulses require careful dispersion management to avoid pulse broadening, particularly when delivery fibers are used. Here we present a compact, fiber-based picosecond laser source operating at 790 nm for TPM using a ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fiber (Yb-doped PCF). The Yb-doped PCF simultaneously amplifies 1064 nm input pulses and efficiently converts them to 790 nm via four-wave mixing, generating pulses with a peak power of up to ~3.8 kW. The source has a variable repetition rate (1.48 MHz-14.78 MHz), enabling the two-photon excitation fluorescence signal to be maximized in the presence of excitation saturation. We benchmark our picosecond laser source against a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser for TPM of stained Convallaria majalis samples and demonstrate comparable fluorescence signal when the two-photon excitation conditions are matched. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_01621 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Two-photon microscopy using picosecond pulses from four-wave mixing in a Yb-doped photonic crystal fiber Krawczyk, B. Kudlinski, A. Murray, R. T. Schultz, S. R. Foust, A. J. Runcorn, T. H. Optics Two-photon microscopy (TPM) enables deep tissue imaging but requires excitation pulses that have a large product of average and peak power, typically supplied by femtosecond solid-state lasers. However, these lasers are bulky and femtosecond pulses require careful dispersion management to avoid pulse broadening, particularly when delivery fibers are used. Here we present a compact, fiber-based picosecond laser source operating at 790 nm for TPM using a ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fiber (Yb-doped PCF). The Yb-doped PCF simultaneously amplifies 1064 nm input pulses and efficiently converts them to 790 nm via four-wave mixing, generating pulses with a peak power of up to ~3.8 kW. The source has a variable repetition rate (1.48 MHz-14.78 MHz), enabling the two-photon excitation fluorescence signal to be maximized in the presence of excitation saturation. We benchmark our picosecond laser source against a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser for TPM of stained Convallaria majalis samples and demonstrate comparable fluorescence signal when the two-photon excitation conditions are matched. |
| title | Two-photon microscopy using picosecond pulses from four-wave mixing in a Yb-doped photonic crystal fiber |
| topic | Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.01621 |