Structured Legal Document Generation in India: A Model-Agnostic Wrapper Approach with VidhikDastaavej

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Nigam, Shubham Kumar, Patnaik, Balaramamahanthi Deepak, Shallum, Noel, Ghosh, Kripabandhu, Bhattacharya, Arnab
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Nigam, Shubham Kumar
Patnaik, Balaramamahanthi Deepak
Shallum, Noel
Ghosh, Kripabandhu
Bhattacharya, Arnab
author_facet Nigam, Shubham Kumar
Patnaik, Balaramamahanthi Deepak
Shallum, Noel
Ghosh, Kripabandhu
Bhattacharya, Arnab
contents Automating legal document drafting can improve efficiency and reduce the burden of manual legal work. Yet, the structured generation of private legal documents remains underexplored, particularly in the Indian context, due to the scarcity of public datasets and the complexity of adapting models for long-form legal drafting. To address this gap, we introduce VidhikDastaavej, a large-scale, anonymized dataset of private legal documents curated in collaboration with an Indian law firm. Covering 133 diverse categories, this dataset is the first resource of its kind and provides a foundation for research in structured legal text generation and Legal AI more broadly. We further propose a Model-Agnostic Wrapper (MAW), a two-stage generation framework that first plans the section structure of a legal draft and then generates each section with retrieval-based prompts. MAW is independent of any specific LLM, making it adaptable across both open- and closed-source models. Comprehensive evaluation, including lexical, semantic, LLM-based, and expert-driven assessments with inter-annotator agreement, shows that the wrapper substantially improves factual accuracy, coherence, and completeness compared to fine-tuned baselines. This work establishes both a new benchmark dataset and a generalizable generation framework, paving the way for future research in AI-assisted legal drafting.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_03486
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Structured Legal Document Generation in India: A Model-Agnostic Wrapper Approach with VidhikDastaavej
Nigam, Shubham Kumar
Patnaik, Balaramamahanthi Deepak
Shallum, Noel
Ghosh, Kripabandhu
Bhattacharya, Arnab
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Information Retrieval
Machine Learning
Automating legal document drafting can improve efficiency and reduce the burden of manual legal work. Yet, the structured generation of private legal documents remains underexplored, particularly in the Indian context, due to the scarcity of public datasets and the complexity of adapting models for long-form legal drafting. To address this gap, we introduce VidhikDastaavej, a large-scale, anonymized dataset of private legal documents curated in collaboration with an Indian law firm. Covering 133 diverse categories, this dataset is the first resource of its kind and provides a foundation for research in structured legal text generation and Legal AI more broadly. We further propose a Model-Agnostic Wrapper (MAW), a two-stage generation framework that first plans the section structure of a legal draft and then generates each section with retrieval-based prompts. MAW is independent of any specific LLM, making it adaptable across both open- and closed-source models. Comprehensive evaluation, including lexical, semantic, LLM-based, and expert-driven assessments with inter-annotator agreement, shows that the wrapper substantially improves factual accuracy, coherence, and completeness compared to fine-tuned baselines. This work establishes both a new benchmark dataset and a generalizable generation framework, paving the way for future research in AI-assisted legal drafting.
title Structured Legal Document Generation in India: A Model-Agnostic Wrapper Approach with VidhikDastaavej
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Information Retrieval
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.03486