Shadows of three black holes in static equilibrium configuration

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Li, Dan, Zuo, Yuxiang, Hu, Shiyang, Deng, Chen, Wang, Yu, Cao, Wenfu
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
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author Li, Dan
Zuo, Yuxiang
Hu, Shiyang
Deng, Chen
Wang, Yu
Cao, Wenfu
author_facet Li, Dan
Zuo, Yuxiang
Hu, Shiyang
Deng, Chen
Wang, Yu
Cao, Wenfu
contents In this paper, we employ a ray-tracing algorithm to simulate the shadows of three equal-mass black holes in static equilibrium across a wide parameter space. We find that the shadows consist of a larger primary shadow and several distorted, eyebrow-like secondary shadows. The boundaries of these profiles exhibit self-similar fractal structures, which can be attributed to the photon chaotic scattering. In certain parameter spaces, we also observe the ring-like shadows, with the ring diameter associated with the spacing of black holes. Furthermore, when the black holes approach each other sufficiently, their shadows can merge into a standard disk, suggesting a shadow degeneracy between closely arranged triple black holes and a single massive, spherically symmetric black hole. The shadow features of the triple black holes revealed in this study have potential implications for analyzing the shadow formation mechanisms, as well as the gravitational lensing during the merger and inspiral of black holes.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_04102
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Shadows of three black holes in static equilibrium configuration
Li, Dan
Zuo, Yuxiang
Hu, Shiyang
Deng, Chen
Wang, Yu
Cao, Wenfu
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
In this paper, we employ a ray-tracing algorithm to simulate the shadows of three equal-mass black holes in static equilibrium across a wide parameter space. We find that the shadows consist of a larger primary shadow and several distorted, eyebrow-like secondary shadows. The boundaries of these profiles exhibit self-similar fractal structures, which can be attributed to the photon chaotic scattering. In certain parameter spaces, we also observe the ring-like shadows, with the ring diameter associated with the spacing of black holes. Furthermore, when the black holes approach each other sufficiently, their shadows can merge into a standard disk, suggesting a shadow degeneracy between closely arranged triple black holes and a single massive, spherically symmetric black hole. The shadow features of the triple black holes revealed in this study have potential implications for analyzing the shadow formation mechanisms, as well as the gravitational lensing during the merger and inspiral of black holes.
title Shadows of three black holes in static equilibrium configuration
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.04102