The Fidelity-based Presence Scale (FPS): Modeling the Effects of Fidelity on Sense of Presence

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Belga, Jacob, Skarbez, Richard, Hmaiti, Yahya, Chen, Eric J., McMahan, Ryan P., LaViola, Joseph J.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Belga, Jacob
Skarbez, Richard
Hmaiti, Yahya
Chen, Eric J.
McMahan, Ryan P.
LaViola, Joseph J.
author_facet Belga, Jacob
Skarbez, Richard
Hmaiti, Yahya
Chen, Eric J.
McMahan, Ryan P.
LaViola, Joseph J.
contents Within the virtual reality (VR) research community, there have been several efforts to develop questionnaires with the aim of better understanding the sense of presence. Despite having numerous surveys, the community does not have a questionnaire that informs which components of a VR application contributed to the sense of presence. Furthermore, previous literature notes the absence of consensus on which questionnaire or questions should be used. Therefore, we conducted a Delphi study, engaging presence experts to establish a consensus on the most important presence questions and their respective verbiage. We then conducted a validation study with an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The efforts between our two studies led to the creation of the Fidelity-based Presence Scale (FPS). With our consensus-driven approach and fidelity-based factoring, we hope the FPS will enable better communication within the research community and yield important future results regarding the relationship between VR system fidelity and presence.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_04355
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The Fidelity-based Presence Scale (FPS): Modeling the Effects of Fidelity on Sense of Presence
Belga, Jacob
Skarbez, Richard
Hmaiti, Yahya
Chen, Eric J.
McMahan, Ryan P.
LaViola, Joseph J.
Human-Computer Interaction
Within the virtual reality (VR) research community, there have been several efforts to develop questionnaires with the aim of better understanding the sense of presence. Despite having numerous surveys, the community does not have a questionnaire that informs which components of a VR application contributed to the sense of presence. Furthermore, previous literature notes the absence of consensus on which questionnaire or questions should be used. Therefore, we conducted a Delphi study, engaging presence experts to establish a consensus on the most important presence questions and their respective verbiage. We then conducted a validation study with an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The efforts between our two studies led to the creation of the Fidelity-based Presence Scale (FPS). With our consensus-driven approach and fidelity-based factoring, we hope the FPS will enable better communication within the research community and yield important future results regarding the relationship between VR system fidelity and presence.
title The Fidelity-based Presence Scale (FPS): Modeling the Effects of Fidelity on Sense of Presence
topic Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.04355