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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.06118 |
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| _version_ | 1866918149416288256 |
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| author | Gu, Gan Wang, Xiaoma Wang, Yuting Zhao, Gong-Bo Pogosian, Levon Koyama, Kazuya Peacock, John A. Cai, Zheng Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L. Ishak, Mustapha Shafieloo, Arman Zhao, Ruiyang Ahlen, Steven Bianchi, Davide Brooks, David Claybaugh, Todd Cole, Shaun de la Macorra, Axel de Mattia, Arnaud Doel, Peter Ferraro, Simone Forero-Romero, Jaime E. Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A Gutierrez, Gaston Hahn, ChangHoon Howlett, Cullan Kehoe, Robert Kirkby, David Kneib, Jean-Paul Kremin, Anthony Lahav, Ofer Landriau, Martin Guillou, Laurent Le Leauthaud, Alexie Levi, Michael Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea Nadathur, Seshadri Newman, Jeffrey A. Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Percival, Will Prada, Francisco Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi Rossi, Graziano Samushia, Lado Sanchez, Eusebio Schlegel, David Seo, Hee-Jong Sprayberry, David Tarlé, Gregory Walther, Michael Weaver, Benjamin Alan Zarrouk, Pauline Zhao, Cheng Zhou, Rongpu Zou, Hu |
| author_facet | Gu, Gan Wang, Xiaoma Wang, Yuting Zhao, Gong-Bo Pogosian, Levon Koyama, Kazuya Peacock, John A. Cai, Zheng Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L. Ishak, Mustapha Shafieloo, Arman Zhao, Ruiyang Ahlen, Steven Bianchi, Davide Brooks, David Claybaugh, Todd Cole, Shaun de la Macorra, Axel de Mattia, Arnaud Doel, Peter Ferraro, Simone Forero-Romero, Jaime E. Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A Gutierrez, Gaston Hahn, ChangHoon Howlett, Cullan Kehoe, Robert Kirkby, David Kneib, Jean-Paul Kremin, Anthony Lahav, Ofer Landriau, Martin Guillou, Laurent Le Leauthaud, Alexie Levi, Michael Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea Nadathur, Seshadri Newman, Jeffrey A. Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Percival, Will Prada, Francisco Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi Rossi, Graziano Samushia, Lado Sanchez, Eusebio Schlegel, David Seo, Hee-Jong Sprayberry, David Tarlé, Gregory Walther, Michael Weaver, Benjamin Alan Zarrouk, Pauline Zhao, Cheng Zhou, Rongpu Zou, Hu |
| contents | Understanding whether cosmic acceleration arises from a cosmological constant or a dynamical component is a central goal of cosmology, and the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) enables stringent tests with high-precision distance measurements. We analyze baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements from DESI Data Release 1 (DR1) and Data Release 2 (DR2), combined with Type Ia supernovae and a cosmic microwave background (CMB) distance prior. With the larger statistical power and wider redshift coverage of DR2, the preference for dynamical dark energy does not diminish relative to DR1. Using both a shape-function reconstruction and non-parametric approaches with a Horndeski-motivated correlation prior, we find that the dark-energy equation of state $w(z)$ varies with redshift. BAO data alone yield modest constraints, but in combination with independent supernova compilations and the CMB prior they strengthen the evidence for dynamics. Bayesian model comparison shows moderate support for departures from $Λ$CDM when multiple degrees of freedom in $w(z)$ are allowed, corresponding to $\approx3σ$ tension with $Λ$CDM (and higher for some data sets). Despite methodological differences, our results are consistent with companion DESI papers, underscoring the complementarity of approaches. Possible systematics remain under study; forthcoming DESI, \emph{Euclid}, and next-generation CMB data will provide decisive tests. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_06118 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Dynamical Dark Energy in light of the DESI DR2 Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations Measurements Gu, Gan Wang, Xiaoma Wang, Yuting Zhao, Gong-Bo Pogosian, Levon Koyama, Kazuya Peacock, John A. Cai, Zheng Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L. Ishak, Mustapha Shafieloo, Arman Zhao, Ruiyang Ahlen, Steven Bianchi, Davide Brooks, David Claybaugh, Todd Cole, Shaun de la Macorra, Axel de Mattia, Arnaud Doel, Peter Ferraro, Simone Forero-Romero, Jaime E. Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A Gutierrez, Gaston Hahn, ChangHoon Howlett, Cullan Kehoe, Robert Kirkby, David Kneib, Jean-Paul Kremin, Anthony Lahav, Ofer Landriau, Martin Guillou, Laurent Le Leauthaud, Alexie Levi, Michael Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea Nadathur, Seshadri Newman, Jeffrey A. Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Percival, Will Prada, Francisco Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi Rossi, Graziano Samushia, Lado Sanchez, Eusebio Schlegel, David Seo, Hee-Jong Sprayberry, David Tarlé, Gregory Walther, Michael Weaver, Benjamin Alan Zarrouk, Pauline Zhao, Cheng Zhou, Rongpu Zou, Hu Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Understanding whether cosmic acceleration arises from a cosmological constant or a dynamical component is a central goal of cosmology, and the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) enables stringent tests with high-precision distance measurements. We analyze baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements from DESI Data Release 1 (DR1) and Data Release 2 (DR2), combined with Type Ia supernovae and a cosmic microwave background (CMB) distance prior. With the larger statistical power and wider redshift coverage of DR2, the preference for dynamical dark energy does not diminish relative to DR1. Using both a shape-function reconstruction and non-parametric approaches with a Horndeski-motivated correlation prior, we find that the dark-energy equation of state $w(z)$ varies with redshift. BAO data alone yield modest constraints, but in combination with independent supernova compilations and the CMB prior they strengthen the evidence for dynamics. Bayesian model comparison shows moderate support for departures from $Λ$CDM when multiple degrees of freedom in $w(z)$ are allowed, corresponding to $\approx3σ$ tension with $Λ$CDM (and higher for some data sets). Despite methodological differences, our results are consistent with companion DESI papers, underscoring the complementarity of approaches. Possible systematics remain under study; forthcoming DESI, \emph{Euclid}, and next-generation CMB data will provide decisive tests. |
| title | Dynamical Dark Energy in light of the DESI DR2 Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations Measurements |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.06118 |