Green building blocks reveal the complex anatomy of climate change mitigation technologies
Fuente:
arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| Acceso en línea: | |
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| _version_ | 1866912506454212608 |
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| author | Li, Yang Neffke, Frank |
| author_facet | Li, Yang Neffke, Frank |
| contents | Achieving net-zero emissions requires rapid innovation, yet the necessary technological knowhow is scattered across industries and countries. Comparing functionally similar green and nongreen patents, we identify "Green Building Blocks" (GBBs): modular components that can be added to reduce existing technologies' carbon footprints. These GBBs depict the anatomy of the green transition as a network that connects problems -- nongreen technologies -- to GBBs that mitigate their climate-change impact. Node degrees in this network are highly unequal, showing that the scope for climate-change mitigating innovation varies substantially across domains. The network also helps predict which green technologies firms develop themselves, and which alliances they form to do so. This reveals a critical dependence on international collaboration: optimal innovation partners for 84% of US, 87% of German, and 92% of Chinese firms are foreign, providing quantitative evidence that rising economic nationalism threatens the pace of innovation required to meet global climate goals. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_06834 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Green building blocks reveal the complex anatomy of climate change mitigation technologies Li, Yang Neffke, Frank Physics and Society Social and Information Networks Achieving net-zero emissions requires rapid innovation, yet the necessary technological knowhow is scattered across industries and countries. Comparing functionally similar green and nongreen patents, we identify "Green Building Blocks" (GBBs): modular components that can be added to reduce existing technologies' carbon footprints. These GBBs depict the anatomy of the green transition as a network that connects problems -- nongreen technologies -- to GBBs that mitigate their climate-change impact. Node degrees in this network are highly unequal, showing that the scope for climate-change mitigating innovation varies substantially across domains. The network also helps predict which green technologies firms develop themselves, and which alliances they form to do so. This reveals a critical dependence on international collaboration: optimal innovation partners for 84% of US, 87% of German, and 92% of Chinese firms are foreign, providing quantitative evidence that rising economic nationalism threatens the pace of innovation required to meet global climate goals. |
| title | Green building blocks reveal the complex anatomy of climate change mitigation technologies |
| topic | Physics and Society Social and Information Networks |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.06834 |