Parton Distribution Functions in the Schwinger model from Tensor Network States

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Main Authors: Bañuls, Mari Carmen, Cichy, Krzysztof, Lin, C. -J. David, Schneider, Manuel
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Bañuls, Mari Carmen
Cichy, Krzysztof
Lin, C. -J. David
Schneider, Manuel
author_facet Bañuls, Mari Carmen
Cichy, Krzysztof
Lin, C. -J. David
Schneider, Manuel
contents Parton distribution functions (PDFs) describe the inner, non-perturbative structure of hadrons. Their computation involves matrix elements with a Wilson line along a direction on the light cone, posing significant challenges in Euclidean lattice calculations, where the time direction is not directly accessible. We propose implementing the light-front Wilson line within the Hamiltonian formalism using tensor network techniques. The approach is demonstrated in the massive Schwinger model (quantum electrodynamics in 1+1 dimensions), a toy model that shares key features with quantum chromodynamics. We present accurate continuum results for the fermion PDF of the vector meson at varying fermion masses, obtained from first-principle calculations directly in Minkowski space. Our strategy also provides a useful path for quantum simulations and quantum computing.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_07508
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Parton Distribution Functions in the Schwinger model from Tensor Network States
Bañuls, Mari Carmen
Cichy, Krzysztof
Lin, C. -J. David
Schneider, Manuel
High Energy Physics - Lattice
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
High Energy Physics - Theory
Computational Physics
Quantum Physics
Parton distribution functions (PDFs) describe the inner, non-perturbative structure of hadrons. Their computation involves matrix elements with a Wilson line along a direction on the light cone, posing significant challenges in Euclidean lattice calculations, where the time direction is not directly accessible. We propose implementing the light-front Wilson line within the Hamiltonian formalism using tensor network techniques. The approach is demonstrated in the massive Schwinger model (quantum electrodynamics in 1+1 dimensions), a toy model that shares key features with quantum chromodynamics. We present accurate continuum results for the fermion PDF of the vector meson at varying fermion masses, obtained from first-principle calculations directly in Minkowski space. Our strategy also provides a useful path for quantum simulations and quantum computing.
title Parton Distribution Functions in the Schwinger model from Tensor Network States
topic High Energy Physics - Lattice
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
High Energy Physics - Theory
Computational Physics
Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.07508