Rethinking the Foundations for Continual Reinforcement Learning

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Elelimy, Esraa, Szepesvari, David, White, Martha, Bowling, Michael
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Elelimy, Esraa
Szepesvari, David
White, Martha
Bowling, Michael
author_facet Elelimy, Esraa
Szepesvari, David
White, Martha
Bowling, Michael
contents In the traditional view of reinforcement learning, the agent's goal is to find an optimal policy that maximizes its expected sum of rewards. Once the agent finds this policy, the learning ends. This view contrasts with \emph{continual reinforcement learning}, where learning does not end, and agents are expected to continually learn and adapt indefinitely. Despite the clear distinction between these two paradigms of learning, much of the progress in continual reinforcement learning has been shaped by foundations rooted in the traditional view of reinforcement learning. In this paper, we first examine whether the foundations of traditional reinforcement learning are suitable for the continual reinforcement learning paradigm. We identify four key pillars of the traditional reinforcement learning foundations that are antithetical to the goals of continual learning: the Markov decision process formalism, the focus on atemporal artifacts, the expected sum of rewards as an evaluation metric, and episodic benchmark environments that embrace the other three foundations. We then propose a new formalism that sheds the first and the third foundations and replaces them with the history process as a mathematical formalism and a new definition of deviation regret, adapted for continual learning, as an evaluation metric. Finally, we discuss possible approaches to shed the other two foundations.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_08161
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Rethinking the Foundations for Continual Reinforcement Learning
Elelimy, Esraa
Szepesvari, David
White, Martha
Bowling, Michael
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
In the traditional view of reinforcement learning, the agent's goal is to find an optimal policy that maximizes its expected sum of rewards. Once the agent finds this policy, the learning ends. This view contrasts with \emph{continual reinforcement learning}, where learning does not end, and agents are expected to continually learn and adapt indefinitely. Despite the clear distinction between these two paradigms of learning, much of the progress in continual reinforcement learning has been shaped by foundations rooted in the traditional view of reinforcement learning. In this paper, we first examine whether the foundations of traditional reinforcement learning are suitable for the continual reinforcement learning paradigm. We identify four key pillars of the traditional reinforcement learning foundations that are antithetical to the goals of continual learning: the Markov decision process formalism, the focus on atemporal artifacts, the expected sum of rewards as an evaluation metric, and episodic benchmark environments that embrace the other three foundations. We then propose a new formalism that sheds the first and the third foundations and replaces them with the history process as a mathematical formalism and a new definition of deviation regret, adapted for continual learning, as an evaluation metric. Finally, we discuss possible approaches to shed the other two foundations.
title Rethinking the Foundations for Continual Reinforcement Learning
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.08161