Bumblebee cosmology: The FLRW solution and the CMB temperature anisotropy
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866915737234309120 |
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| author | Xu, Rui Xu, Dandan Andersson, Lars Seoane, Pau Amaro Shao, Lijing |
| author_facet | Xu, Rui Xu, Dandan Andersson, Lars Seoane, Pau Amaro Shao, Lijing |
| contents | We put into test the idea of replacing dark energy by a vector field against the cosmic microwave background (CMB) observation using the simplest vector-tensor theory, where a massive vector field couples to the Ricci scalar and the Ricci tensor quadratically. First, a remarkable Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric solution that is completely independent of the matter-energy compositions of the universe is found. Second, based on the FLRW solution as well as the perturbation equations, a numerical code calculating the CMB temperature power spectrum is built. We find that though the FLRW solution can mimic the evolution of the universe in the standard $Λ$CDM model, the calculated CMB temperature power spectrum shows unavoidable discrepancies from the CMB power spectrum measurements. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_10297 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Bumblebee cosmology: The FLRW solution and the CMB temperature anisotropy Xu, Rui Xu, Dandan Andersson, Lars Seoane, Pau Amaro Shao, Lijing General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics We put into test the idea of replacing dark energy by a vector field against the cosmic microwave background (CMB) observation using the simplest vector-tensor theory, where a massive vector field couples to the Ricci scalar and the Ricci tensor quadratically. First, a remarkable Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric solution that is completely independent of the matter-energy compositions of the universe is found. Second, based on the FLRW solution as well as the perturbation equations, a numerical code calculating the CMB temperature power spectrum is built. We find that though the FLRW solution can mimic the evolution of the universe in the standard $Λ$CDM model, the calculated CMB temperature power spectrum shows unavoidable discrepancies from the CMB power spectrum measurements. |
| title | Bumblebee cosmology: The FLRW solution and the CMB temperature anisotropy |
| topic | General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.10297 |