Effective Theory of Ultrafast Skyrmion Nucleation
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866917986179219456 |
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| author | Liefferink, Rein Körber, Lukas Gerlinger, Kathinka Pfau, Bastian Büttner, Felix Mentink, Johan H. |
| author_facet | Liefferink, Rein Körber, Lukas Gerlinger, Kathinka Pfau, Bastian Büttner, Felix Mentink, Johan H. |
| contents | Laser-induced ultrafast skyrmion nucleation has been experimentally demonstrated in several materials. So far, atomistic models have been used to corroborate experimental results. However, such simulations do not provide a simple intuitive understanding of the underlying physics. Here, we propose a coarse-grained effective theory where skyrmions can be nucleated or annihilated by thermal activation over energy barriers. Evaluating these two processes during a heat pulse shows good agreement with atomistic spin dynamics simulations and experiments while drastically reducing computational complexity. Furthermore, the effective theory provides a direct guide for experimentally optimizing the number of nucleated skyrmions. Interestingly, the model also predicts a novel pathway for ultrafast annihilation of skyrmions. Our results pave the way for a deeper understanding of ultrafast nanomagnetism and the role of non-equilibrium physics. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_11013 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Effective Theory of Ultrafast Skyrmion Nucleation Liefferink, Rein Körber, Lukas Gerlinger, Kathinka Pfau, Bastian Büttner, Felix Mentink, Johan H. Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Laser-induced ultrafast skyrmion nucleation has been experimentally demonstrated in several materials. So far, atomistic models have been used to corroborate experimental results. However, such simulations do not provide a simple intuitive understanding of the underlying physics. Here, we propose a coarse-grained effective theory where skyrmions can be nucleated or annihilated by thermal activation over energy barriers. Evaluating these two processes during a heat pulse shows good agreement with atomistic spin dynamics simulations and experiments while drastically reducing computational complexity. Furthermore, the effective theory provides a direct guide for experimentally optimizing the number of nucleated skyrmions. Interestingly, the model also predicts a novel pathway for ultrafast annihilation of skyrmions. Our results pave the way for a deeper understanding of ultrafast nanomagnetism and the role of non-equilibrium physics. |
| title | Effective Theory of Ultrafast Skyrmion Nucleation |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.11013 |