MINDS. Anatomy of a water-rich, inclined, brown dwarf disk: lack of abundant hydrocarbons
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2025
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| author | Perotti, Giulia Kurtovic, Nicolás T. Henning, Thomas Olofsson, Göran Arabhavi, Aditya M. Schwarz, Kamber Kanwar, Jayatee van Boekel, Roy Kamp, Inga Pascucci, Ilaria van Dishoeck, Ewine F. Güdel, Manuel Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Barrado, David Garatti, Alessio Caratti o Glauser, Adrian M. Lahuis, F. Christiaens, Valentin Franceschi, Riccardo Gasman, Danny Grant, Sierra L. Jang, Hyerin Kaeufer, Till Morales-Calderón, Maria Temmink, Milou Vlasblom, Marissa |
| author_facet | Perotti, Giulia Kurtovic, Nicolás T. Henning, Thomas Olofsson, Göran Arabhavi, Aditya M. Schwarz, Kamber Kanwar, Jayatee van Boekel, Roy Kamp, Inga Pascucci, Ilaria van Dishoeck, Ewine F. Güdel, Manuel Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Barrado, David Garatti, Alessio Caratti o Glauser, Adrian M. Lahuis, F. Christiaens, Valentin Franceschi, Riccardo Gasman, Danny Grant, Sierra L. Jang, Hyerin Kaeufer, Till Morales-Calderón, Maria Temmink, Milou Vlasblom, Marissa |
| contents | 2MASS J04381486+2611399 (or J0438) is one of the few young brown dwarfs (BD) with a highly inclined ($i\!\sim\!70^\circ$) disk. Here we report results from JWST-MIRI MRS, HST-ACS and ALMA Band 7 observations. Despite its late spectral type (M7.25), the spectrum of J0438 resembles those of inner disks around earlier-type stars (K1-M5, T Tauri stars), with a volatile reservoir lacking hydrocarbons (except for acetylene, C$_2$H$_2$) and dominated by water. Other identified species are H$_2$, CO$_2$, HCN, [Ar$^{+}$], and [Ne$^{+}$]. The dominance of water over hydrocarbons is driven by multiple factors such as disk dynamics, young disk age, low accretion rate and possible inner disk clearing. J0438 appears highly dynamic, showing a seesaw-like variability and extended emission in H$_2 \,\,\, S$(1), $S$(3), $S$(5), [Ne$^{+}$] and CO ($J=3-2$). Interestingly, the CO emission reaches up to 400 au from the brown dwarf, suggesting ongoing infalling/outflowing activity impacting the disk chemistry. These observations underscore the combined power of MIRI, HST and ALMA in characterizing the chemical diversity and dynamics of brown dwarf disks. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_11424 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | MINDS. Anatomy of a water-rich, inclined, brown dwarf disk: lack of abundant hydrocarbons Perotti, Giulia Kurtovic, Nicolás T. Henning, Thomas Olofsson, Göran Arabhavi, Aditya M. Schwarz, Kamber Kanwar, Jayatee van Boekel, Roy Kamp, Inga Pascucci, Ilaria van Dishoeck, Ewine F. Güdel, Manuel Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Barrado, David Garatti, Alessio Caratti o Glauser, Adrian M. Lahuis, F. Christiaens, Valentin Franceschi, Riccardo Gasman, Danny Grant, Sierra L. Jang, Hyerin Kaeufer, Till Morales-Calderón, Maria Temmink, Milou Vlasblom, Marissa Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Solar and Stellar Astrophysics 2MASS J04381486+2611399 (or J0438) is one of the few young brown dwarfs (BD) with a highly inclined ($i\!\sim\!70^\circ$) disk. Here we report results from JWST-MIRI MRS, HST-ACS and ALMA Band 7 observations. Despite its late spectral type (M7.25), the spectrum of J0438 resembles those of inner disks around earlier-type stars (K1-M5, T Tauri stars), with a volatile reservoir lacking hydrocarbons (except for acetylene, C$_2$H$_2$) and dominated by water. Other identified species are H$_2$, CO$_2$, HCN, [Ar$^{+}$], and [Ne$^{+}$]. The dominance of water over hydrocarbons is driven by multiple factors such as disk dynamics, young disk age, low accretion rate and possible inner disk clearing. J0438 appears highly dynamic, showing a seesaw-like variability and extended emission in H$_2 \,\,\, S$(1), $S$(3), $S$(5), [Ne$^{+}$] and CO ($J=3-2$). Interestingly, the CO emission reaches up to 400 au from the brown dwarf, suggesting ongoing infalling/outflowing activity impacting the disk chemistry. These observations underscore the combined power of MIRI, HST and ALMA in characterizing the chemical diversity and dynamics of brown dwarf disks. |
| title | MINDS. Anatomy of a water-rich, inclined, brown dwarf disk: lack of abundant hydrocarbons |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.11424 |