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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.11618 |
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| _version_ | 1866908439361355776 |
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| author | Cao, Honghao Yu, Li-Yu Liu, Kunzan Spitz, Sarah Pramotton, Francesca Michela Zhang, Zhengyu Presutti, Federico Kulkarni, Subhash Kamm, Roger D. You, Sixian |
| author_facet | Cao, Honghao Yu, Li-Yu Liu, Kunzan Spitz, Sarah Pramotton, Francesca Michela Zhang, Zhengyu Presutti, Federico Kulkarni, Subhash Kamm, Roger D. You, Sixian |
| contents | The formation of organized optical states in multidimensional systems is crucial for understanding light-matter interaction and advancing light-shaping technologies. Here, we report the observation of a self-localized, ultrafast pencil beam near the critical power in a standard multimode fiber (MMF) and demonstrate its application in volumetric multiphoton imaging. We show that self-focusing in step-index MMFs, traditionally considered detrimental, can facilitate the formation of a nonlinear spatiotemporal localized state with a sidelobe-suppressed Bessel-like beam profile, exhibiting markedly improved stability and noise characteristics. By simply launching an overfilled on-axis Gaussian beam into a standard MMF, a high-quality ultrafast pencil beam can be generated through a self-localized process and readily integrated into an existing multiphoton point-scanning microscope. We apply this self-localized pencil beam to two-photon imaging of intact mouse enteric nervous systems, benchmarking with diffraction-limited Gaussian beams and outperforming conventional Bessel beams with reduced sidelobes and enhanced resilience to tissue-induced aberration. Finally, we monitor the transferrin uptake dynamics in a live human blood-brain barrier model by combining NAD(P)H-FAD-based metabolic phenotyping with minute-resolved 3D scans, revealing spatially and temporally resolved inter- and intra-cell heterogeneity. Our findings provide new insights into nonlinear dynamics of multidimensional optical systems and offer a promising approach for generating robust ultrafast pencil beams, enabling high-throughput 3D biosystem imaging to elucidate biological transport pathways and guide the design of therapeutics requiring cell-specific delivery. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_11618 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Self-localized ultrafast pencil beam for volumetric multiphoton imaging Cao, Honghao Yu, Li-Yu Liu, Kunzan Spitz, Sarah Pramotton, Francesca Michela Zhang, Zhengyu Presutti, Federico Kulkarni, Subhash Kamm, Roger D. You, Sixian Optics The formation of organized optical states in multidimensional systems is crucial for understanding light-matter interaction and advancing light-shaping technologies. Here, we report the observation of a self-localized, ultrafast pencil beam near the critical power in a standard multimode fiber (MMF) and demonstrate its application in volumetric multiphoton imaging. We show that self-focusing in step-index MMFs, traditionally considered detrimental, can facilitate the formation of a nonlinear spatiotemporal localized state with a sidelobe-suppressed Bessel-like beam profile, exhibiting markedly improved stability and noise characteristics. By simply launching an overfilled on-axis Gaussian beam into a standard MMF, a high-quality ultrafast pencil beam can be generated through a self-localized process and readily integrated into an existing multiphoton point-scanning microscope. We apply this self-localized pencil beam to two-photon imaging of intact mouse enteric nervous systems, benchmarking with diffraction-limited Gaussian beams and outperforming conventional Bessel beams with reduced sidelobes and enhanced resilience to tissue-induced aberration. Finally, we monitor the transferrin uptake dynamics in a live human blood-brain barrier model by combining NAD(P)H-FAD-based metabolic phenotyping with minute-resolved 3D scans, revealing spatially and temporally resolved inter- and intra-cell heterogeneity. Our findings provide new insights into nonlinear dynamics of multidimensional optical systems and offer a promising approach for generating robust ultrafast pencil beams, enabling high-throughput 3D biosystem imaging to elucidate biological transport pathways and guide the design of therapeutics requiring cell-specific delivery. |
| title | Self-localized ultrafast pencil beam for volumetric multiphoton imaging |
| topic | Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.11618 |