_version_ 1866908321911406592
author Aganze, Christian
Chandra, Vedant
Wechsler, Risa H.
Li, Ting S.
Koposov, Sergey E.
Silva, Leandro Beraldo
Carrillo, Andreia
Riley, Alexander H.
Valluri, Monica
Gnedin, Oleg Y.
Heiger, Mairead
Rockosi, Constance
Carlberg, Raymond
Byström, Amanda
Kizhuprakkat, Namitha
Lambert, Mika
Kim, Bokyoung
Toledo, Gustavo Medina
Prieto, Carlos Allende
Aguilar, Jessica Nicole
Ahlen, Steven
Bianchi, Davide
Brooks, David
Claybaugh, Todd T.
Cooper, Andrew P.
de la Macorra, Axel
Dey, Arjun
Doel, Peter
Forero-Romero, Jaime E.
Gaztañaga, Enrique
Gontcho, Satya A.
Gutierrez, Gaston
Ishak, Mustapha
Kisner, Theodore
Kremin, Anthony
Lahav, Ofer
Landriau, Martin
Guillou, Laurent Le
Meisner, Aaron
Miquel, Ramon
Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
Prada, Francisco
Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi
Rossi, Graziano
Sanchez, Eusebio
Schubnell, Michael
Sprayberry, David
Tarlé, Gregory
Weaver, Benjamin A.
Zou, Hu
author_facet Aganze, Christian
Chandra, Vedant
Wechsler, Risa H.
Li, Ting S.
Koposov, Sergey E.
Silva, Leandro Beraldo
Carrillo, Andreia
Riley, Alexander H.
Valluri, Monica
Gnedin, Oleg Y.
Heiger, Mairead
Rockosi, Constance
Carlberg, Raymond
Byström, Amanda
Kizhuprakkat, Namitha
Lambert, Mika
Kim, Bokyoung
Toledo, Gustavo Medina
Prieto, Carlos Allende
Aguilar, Jessica Nicole
Ahlen, Steven
Bianchi, Davide
Brooks, David
Claybaugh, Todd T.
Cooper, Andrew P.
de la Macorra, Axel
Dey, Arjun
Doel, Peter
Forero-Romero, Jaime E.
Gaztañaga, Enrique
Gontcho, Satya A.
Gutierrez, Gaston
Ishak, Mustapha
Kisner, Theodore
Kremin, Anthony
Lahav, Ofer
Landriau, Martin
Guillou, Laurent Le
Meisner, Aaron
Miquel, Ramon
Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
Prada, Francisco
Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi
Rossi, Graziano
Sanchez, Eusebio
Schubnell, Michael
Sprayberry, David
Tarlé, Gregory
Weaver, Benjamin A.
Zou, Hu
contents The census of stellar streams and dwarf galaxies in the Milky Way provides direct constraints on galaxy formation models and the nature of dark matter. The DESI Milky Way survey (with a footprint of 14,000$~deg{^2}$ and a depth of $r<19$ mag) delivers the largest sample of distant metal-poor stars compared to previous optical fiber-fed spectroscopic surveys. This makes DESI an ideal survey to search for previously undetected streams and dwarf galaxies. We present a detailed characterization of the Cocytos stream, which was re-discovered using a clustering analysis with a catalog of giants in the DESI year 3 data, supplemented with Magellan/MagE spectroscopy. Our analysis reveals a relatively metal-rich ([Fe/H]$=-1.3$) and thick stream (width$=1.5^\circ$) at a heliocentric distance of $\approx 25$ kpc, with an internal velocity dispersion of 6.5-9 km s$^{-1}$. The stream's metallicity, radial orbit, and proximity to the Virgo stellar overdensities suggest that it is most likely a disrupted globular cluster that came in with the Gaia-Enceladus merger. We also confirm its association with the Pyxis globular cluster. Our result showcases the ability of wide-field spectroscopic surveys to kinematically discover faint disrupted dwarfs and clusters, enabling constraints on the dark matter distribution in the Milky Way.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_11687
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The Cocytos Stream: A Disrupted Globular Cluster from our Last Major Merger?
Aganze, Christian
Chandra, Vedant
Wechsler, Risa H.
Li, Ting S.
Koposov, Sergey E.
Silva, Leandro Beraldo
Carrillo, Andreia
Riley, Alexander H.
Valluri, Monica
Gnedin, Oleg Y.
Heiger, Mairead
Rockosi, Constance
Carlberg, Raymond
Byström, Amanda
Kizhuprakkat, Namitha
Lambert, Mika
Kim, Bokyoung
Toledo, Gustavo Medina
Prieto, Carlos Allende
Aguilar, Jessica Nicole
Ahlen, Steven
Bianchi, Davide
Brooks, David
Claybaugh, Todd T.
Cooper, Andrew P.
de la Macorra, Axel
Dey, Arjun
Doel, Peter
Forero-Romero, Jaime E.
Gaztañaga, Enrique
Gontcho, Satya A.
Gutierrez, Gaston
Ishak, Mustapha
Kisner, Theodore
Kremin, Anthony
Lahav, Ofer
Landriau, Martin
Guillou, Laurent Le
Meisner, Aaron
Miquel, Ramon
Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
Prada, Francisco
Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi
Rossi, Graziano
Sanchez, Eusebio
Schubnell, Michael
Sprayberry, David
Tarlé, Gregory
Weaver, Benjamin A.
Zou, Hu
Astrophysics of Galaxies
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
The census of stellar streams and dwarf galaxies in the Milky Way provides direct constraints on galaxy formation models and the nature of dark matter. The DESI Milky Way survey (with a footprint of 14,000$~deg{^2}$ and a depth of $r<19$ mag) delivers the largest sample of distant metal-poor stars compared to previous optical fiber-fed spectroscopic surveys. This makes DESI an ideal survey to search for previously undetected streams and dwarf galaxies. We present a detailed characterization of the Cocytos stream, which was re-discovered using a clustering analysis with a catalog of giants in the DESI year 3 data, supplemented with Magellan/MagE spectroscopy. Our analysis reveals a relatively metal-rich ([Fe/H]$=-1.3$) and thick stream (width$=1.5^\circ$) at a heliocentric distance of $\approx 25$ kpc, with an internal velocity dispersion of 6.5-9 km s$^{-1}$. The stream's metallicity, radial orbit, and proximity to the Virgo stellar overdensities suggest that it is most likely a disrupted globular cluster that came in with the Gaia-Enceladus merger. We also confirm its association with the Pyxis globular cluster. Our result showcases the ability of wide-field spectroscopic surveys to kinematically discover faint disrupted dwarfs and clusters, enabling constraints on the dark matter distribution in the Milky Way.
title The Cocytos Stream: A Disrupted Globular Cluster from our Last Major Merger?
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.11687