Lectures on the Bondi--Metzner--Sachs group and related topics in infrared physics

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Main Author: Alves, Níckolas de Aguiar
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Alves, Níckolas de Aguiar
author_facet Alves, Níckolas de Aguiar
contents These are the extended lecture notes for a minicourse presented at the I São Paulo School on Gravitational Physics discussing the Bondi--Metzner--Sachs (BMS) group, the group of symmetries at null infinity on asymptotically flat spacetimes. The BMS group has found many applications in classical gravity, quantum field theory in flat and curved spacetimes, and quantum gravity. These notes build the BMS group from its most basic prerequisites (such as group theory, symmetries in differential geometry, and asymptotic flatness) up to modern developments. These include its connections to the Weinberg soft graviton theorem, the memory effect, its use to construct Hadamard states in quantum field theory in curved spacetimes, and other ideas. Advanced sections briefly discuss the main concepts behind the infrared triangle in electrodynamics, superrotations, and the Dappiaggi--Moretti--Pinamonti group in expanding universes with cosmological horizons. New contributions by the author concerning asymptotic (conformal) Killing horizons are discussed at the end.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_12521
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Lectures on the Bondi--Metzner--Sachs group and related topics in infrared physics
Alves, Níckolas de Aguiar
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
Mathematical Physics
These are the extended lecture notes for a minicourse presented at the I São Paulo School on Gravitational Physics discussing the Bondi--Metzner--Sachs (BMS) group, the group of symmetries at null infinity on asymptotically flat spacetimes. The BMS group has found many applications in classical gravity, quantum field theory in flat and curved spacetimes, and quantum gravity. These notes build the BMS group from its most basic prerequisites (such as group theory, symmetries in differential geometry, and asymptotic flatness) up to modern developments. These include its connections to the Weinberg soft graviton theorem, the memory effect, its use to construct Hadamard states in quantum field theory in curved spacetimes, and other ideas. Advanced sections briefly discuss the main concepts behind the infrared triangle in electrodynamics, superrotations, and the Dappiaggi--Moretti--Pinamonti group in expanding universes with cosmological horizons. New contributions by the author concerning asymptotic (conformal) Killing horizons are discussed at the end.
title Lectures on the Bondi--Metzner--Sachs group and related topics in infrared physics
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
Mathematical Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.12521