CEERS: Forging the First Dust Grains in the Universe? A Population of Galaxies with spectroscopically-derived Extremely Low Dust Attenuation (GELDA) at 4.0<z<11.4
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2025
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| author | Burgarella, Denis Buat, Véronique Theulé, Patrice Zavala, Jorge Dickinson, Mark Haro, Pablo Arrabal Bagley, Micaela B. Boquien, Médéric Cleri, Nikko Dewachter, Tim Ferguson, Henry C. Fernàndez, Vital Finkelstein, Steven L. Gawiser, Eric Grazian, Andrea Grogin, Norman Holwerda, Benne W. Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. Kewley, Lisa Kirkpatrick, Allison Kocevski, Dale Koekemoer, Anton M. Long, Arianna Lotz, Jennifer Lucas, Ray A. Mobasher, Bahram Papovich, Casey Pérez-Gonzàlez, Pablo G. Pirzkal, Nor Ravindranath, Swara Rodighiero, Giulia Roehlly, Yannick Rose, Caitlin Seillé, Lise-Marie Somerville, Rachel Wilkins, Steve Yang, Guang Yung, L. Y. Aaron |
| author_facet | Burgarella, Denis Buat, Véronique Theulé, Patrice Zavala, Jorge Dickinson, Mark Haro, Pablo Arrabal Bagley, Micaela B. Boquien, Médéric Cleri, Nikko Dewachter, Tim Ferguson, Henry C. Fernàndez, Vital Finkelstein, Steven L. Gawiser, Eric Grazian, Andrea Grogin, Norman Holwerda, Benne W. Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. Kewley, Lisa Kirkpatrick, Allison Kocevski, Dale Koekemoer, Anton M. Long, Arianna Lotz, Jennifer Lucas, Ray A. Mobasher, Bahram Papovich, Casey Pérez-Gonzàlez, Pablo G. Pirzkal, Nor Ravindranath, Swara Rodighiero, Giulia Roehlly, Yannick Rose, Caitlin Seillé, Lise-Marie Somerville, Rachel Wilkins, Steve Yang, Guang Yung, L. Y. Aaron |
| contents | We investigate the coevolution of metals and dust in 173 galaxies at $4.0<z<11.4$ using NIRSpec spectroscopy. Focusing on galaxies with extremely low dust attenuation, we explore their physical processes using a new CIGALE version that incorporates spectroscopic and photometric data. Comparing observations with models, we derive key physical parameters. We identify 49 galaxies with extremely low dust attenuation (GELDAs), characterized by $A_{FUV}=0$ within $2σ$ and $M_{star}<10^9 M_\odot$. The stacked spectra reveal a very blue UV slope ($β_{FUV} =-2.451\pm-0.066$) and Balmer decrement H$α$/H$β= 2.932\pm-0.660$, consistent with no dust attenuation. GELDAs are more common at $z>8.8$ (83.3%) than at $z<8.8$ (26.3%) suggesting they dominate the early Universe. Assuming a prior FIR dust spectrum (from ALPINE), we examine dust-stellar mass trends. The $M_{dust}$ vs. $M_{star}$ diagram shows upper and lower sequences linked by possible transitional galaxies. A transition at $M_{star}=10^8.5 M_\odot$ ($Z_{crit}=12+\log_{10}(O/H)=7.60$ or $Z/Z_\odot=0.1$) may mark the shift from stellar dust production to ISM grain growth, in agreement with theoretical predictions. Our full sample has a high mean gas fraction ($f_{gas}>0.9$), indicating retained gas across all galaxies. Their small sizes and large gas masses imply high gas surface densities but relatively low star formation efficiency. High-redshift GELDAs may naturally explain the observed excess of bright galaxies at $z>9$ compared to theoretical expectations. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_13118 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | CEERS: Forging the First Dust Grains in the Universe? A Population of Galaxies with spectroscopically-derived Extremely Low Dust Attenuation (GELDA) at 4.0<z<11.4 Burgarella, Denis Buat, Véronique Theulé, Patrice Zavala, Jorge Dickinson, Mark Haro, Pablo Arrabal Bagley, Micaela B. Boquien, Médéric Cleri, Nikko Dewachter, Tim Ferguson, Henry C. Fernàndez, Vital Finkelstein, Steven L. Gawiser, Eric Grazian, Andrea Grogin, Norman Holwerda, Benne W. Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. Kewley, Lisa Kirkpatrick, Allison Kocevski, Dale Koekemoer, Anton M. Long, Arianna Lotz, Jennifer Lucas, Ray A. Mobasher, Bahram Papovich, Casey Pérez-Gonzàlez, Pablo G. Pirzkal, Nor Ravindranath, Swara Rodighiero, Giulia Roehlly, Yannick Rose, Caitlin Seillé, Lise-Marie Somerville, Rachel Wilkins, Steve Yang, Guang Yung, L. Y. Aaron Astrophysics of Galaxies We investigate the coevolution of metals and dust in 173 galaxies at $4.0<z<11.4$ using NIRSpec spectroscopy. Focusing on galaxies with extremely low dust attenuation, we explore their physical processes using a new CIGALE version that incorporates spectroscopic and photometric data. Comparing observations with models, we derive key physical parameters. We identify 49 galaxies with extremely low dust attenuation (GELDAs), characterized by $A_{FUV}=0$ within $2σ$ and $M_{star}<10^9 M_\odot$. The stacked spectra reveal a very blue UV slope ($β_{FUV} =-2.451\pm-0.066$) and Balmer decrement H$α$/H$β= 2.932\pm-0.660$, consistent with no dust attenuation. GELDAs are more common at $z>8.8$ (83.3%) than at $z<8.8$ (26.3%) suggesting they dominate the early Universe. Assuming a prior FIR dust spectrum (from ALPINE), we examine dust-stellar mass trends. The $M_{dust}$ vs. $M_{star}$ diagram shows upper and lower sequences linked by possible transitional galaxies. A transition at $M_{star}=10^8.5 M_\odot$ ($Z_{crit}=12+\log_{10}(O/H)=7.60$ or $Z/Z_\odot=0.1$) may mark the shift from stellar dust production to ISM grain growth, in agreement with theoretical predictions. Our full sample has a high mean gas fraction ($f_{gas}>0.9$), indicating retained gas across all galaxies. Their small sizes and large gas masses imply high gas surface densities but relatively low star formation efficiency. High-redshift GELDAs may naturally explain the observed excess of bright galaxies at $z>9$ compared to theoretical expectations. |
| title | CEERS: Forging the First Dust Grains in the Universe? A Population of Galaxies with spectroscopically-derived Extremely Low Dust Attenuation (GELDA) at 4.0<z<11.4 |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.13118 |