ToF-Splatting: Dense SLAM using Sparse Time-of-Flight Depth and Multi-Frame Integration

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Conti, Andrea, Poggi, Matteo, Cambareri, Valerio, Oswald, Martin R., Mattoccia, Stefano
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Conti, Andrea
Poggi, Matteo
Cambareri, Valerio
Oswald, Martin R.
Mattoccia, Stefano
author_facet Conti, Andrea
Poggi, Matteo
Cambareri, Valerio
Oswald, Martin R.
Mattoccia, Stefano
contents Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensors provide efficient active depth sensing at relatively low power budgets; among such designs, only very sparse measurements from low-resolution sensors are considered to meet the increasingly limited power constraints of mobile and AR/VR devices. However, such extreme sparsity levels limit the seamless usage of ToF depth in SLAM. In this work, we propose ToF-Splatting, the first 3D Gaussian Splatting-based SLAM pipeline tailored for using effectively very sparse ToF input data. Our approach improves upon the state of the art by introducing a multi-frame integration module, which produces dense depth maps by merging cues from extremely sparse ToF depth, monocular color, and multi-view geometry. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real sparse ToF datasets demonstrate the viability of our approach, as it achieves state-of-the-art tracking and mapping performances on reference datasets.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_16545
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle ToF-Splatting: Dense SLAM using Sparse Time-of-Flight Depth and Multi-Frame Integration
Conti, Andrea
Poggi, Matteo
Cambareri, Valerio
Oswald, Martin R.
Mattoccia, Stefano
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensors provide efficient active depth sensing at relatively low power budgets; among such designs, only very sparse measurements from low-resolution sensors are considered to meet the increasingly limited power constraints of mobile and AR/VR devices. However, such extreme sparsity levels limit the seamless usage of ToF depth in SLAM. In this work, we propose ToF-Splatting, the first 3D Gaussian Splatting-based SLAM pipeline tailored for using effectively very sparse ToF input data. Our approach improves upon the state of the art by introducing a multi-frame integration module, which produces dense depth maps by merging cues from extremely sparse ToF depth, monocular color, and multi-view geometry. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real sparse ToF datasets demonstrate the viability of our approach, as it achieves state-of-the-art tracking and mapping performances on reference datasets.
title ToF-Splatting: Dense SLAM using Sparse Time-of-Flight Depth and Multi-Frame Integration
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.16545