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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18006 |
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| _version_ | 1866909593746014208 |
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| author | Yang, Shengqi Lidz, Adam Li, Hui Popping, Gergo Zavala, Jorge A. Sun, Guochao |
| author_facet | Yang, Shengqi Lidz, Adam Li, Hui Popping, Gergo Zavala, Jorge A. Sun, Guochao |
| contents | Recent ALMA observations of the [OIII] 88 $μ$m line provide spectroscopic confirmation of two JWST photometric candidates, GS-z14 and GHZ2, at $z=14.2$ and $z=12.3$, respectively. These discoveries reveal that star formation and chemical enrichment were already underway when the universe was merely 300 Myr old, posing a challenge to galaxy formation models. Here we construct post-processed models for the [OIII] emission lines from galaxies in the state-of-the-art FIRE and IllustrisTNG simulations. Neither simulation suite contains galaxies directly comparable to GS-z14 or GHZ2. However, one simulated FIRE galaxy closely resembles GS-z14 in its star formation rate (SFR), stellar mass, metallicity, [OIII] luminosity and line-width, albeit at $z=8.7$, lagging GS-z14's formation by roughly 300 Myr. Although further investigation is required, we argue that the lack of simulated galaxies matching GS-z14 and GHZ2 may largely be a consequence of the limited volume of the FIRE simulations and the limited mass resolution of Illustris-TNG. We quantify the prospects for follow-up spectroscopic detections of GS-z14 in the [OIII] 52 $μ$m line with ALMA, and in rest-frame optical [OIII] and Balmer lines with the MIRI instrument on JWST. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_18006 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Do cosmological simulations reproduce the [OIII] 88 $μ$m line emission and properties of JWST-discovered galaxies at $z \geq 12$? Yang, Shengqi Lidz, Adam Li, Hui Popping, Gergo Zavala, Jorge A. Sun, Guochao Astrophysics of Galaxies Recent ALMA observations of the [OIII] 88 $μ$m line provide spectroscopic confirmation of two JWST photometric candidates, GS-z14 and GHZ2, at $z=14.2$ and $z=12.3$, respectively. These discoveries reveal that star formation and chemical enrichment were already underway when the universe was merely 300 Myr old, posing a challenge to galaxy formation models. Here we construct post-processed models for the [OIII] emission lines from galaxies in the state-of-the-art FIRE and IllustrisTNG simulations. Neither simulation suite contains galaxies directly comparable to GS-z14 or GHZ2. However, one simulated FIRE galaxy closely resembles GS-z14 in its star formation rate (SFR), stellar mass, metallicity, [OIII] luminosity and line-width, albeit at $z=8.7$, lagging GS-z14's formation by roughly 300 Myr. Although further investigation is required, we argue that the lack of simulated galaxies matching GS-z14 and GHZ2 may largely be a consequence of the limited volume of the FIRE simulations and the limited mass resolution of Illustris-TNG. We quantify the prospects for follow-up spectroscopic detections of GS-z14 in the [OIII] 52 $μ$m line with ALMA, and in rest-frame optical [OIII] and Balmer lines with the MIRI instrument on JWST. |
| title | Do cosmological simulations reproduce the [OIII] 88 $μ$m line emission and properties of JWST-discovered galaxies at $z \geq 12$? |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18006 |