A "breathing'' octupole $^{208}$Pb nucleus: resolving the elliptical-to-triangular azimuthal anisotropy puzzle in ultracentral relativistic heavy ion collisions
Fuente:
arXiv
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1866915291314782208 |
|---|---|
| author | Xu, Hao-jie Xu, Duoduo Zhao, Shujun Zhao, Wenbin Song, Huichao Wang, Fuqiang |
| author_facet | Xu, Hao-jie Xu, Duoduo Zhao, Shujun Zhao, Wenbin Song, Huichao Wang, Fuqiang |
| contents | Relativistic heavy ion collisions provide a unique opportunity to probe the nuclear structure by taking an instantaneous snapshot of the colliding nuclei and converting it into momentum anisotropies of final emitted hadrons. A long-standing puzzle of too large a ratio of the elliptical-to-triangular ($v_{2}$-to-$v_{3}$) anisotropies in ultracentral $^{208}$Pb+$^{208}$Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider(LHC) cannot be solved simply by hydrodynamic simulations with initial conditions containing the spherical or certain deformed shape of $^{208}$Pb. In this Letter, using the iEBE-VISHNU relativistic viscous hydrodynamic hybrid model simulations with the Trento initial condition, we show that a dynamic octupole deformation--a shape-breathing of $^{208}$Pb --could potentially solve the $v_{2}$-to-$v_{3}$ puzzle and simultaneously describe the $v_3\{4\}$ data measured in experiment. Our results highlight the unique capability of capturing transient collective properties of nuclei on yoctosecond ($10^{-24}$~s) timescales, unfeasible with low-energy nuclear reactions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_19644 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A "breathing'' octupole $^{208}$Pb nucleus: resolving the elliptical-to-triangular azimuthal anisotropy puzzle in ultracentral relativistic heavy ion collisions Xu, Hao-jie Xu, Duoduo Zhao, Shujun Zhao, Wenbin Song, Huichao Wang, Fuqiang Nuclear Theory Nuclear Experiment Relativistic heavy ion collisions provide a unique opportunity to probe the nuclear structure by taking an instantaneous snapshot of the colliding nuclei and converting it into momentum anisotropies of final emitted hadrons. A long-standing puzzle of too large a ratio of the elliptical-to-triangular ($v_{2}$-to-$v_{3}$) anisotropies in ultracentral $^{208}$Pb+$^{208}$Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider(LHC) cannot be solved simply by hydrodynamic simulations with initial conditions containing the spherical or certain deformed shape of $^{208}$Pb. In this Letter, using the iEBE-VISHNU relativistic viscous hydrodynamic hybrid model simulations with the Trento initial condition, we show that a dynamic octupole deformation--a shape-breathing of $^{208}$Pb --could potentially solve the $v_{2}$-to-$v_{3}$ puzzle and simultaneously describe the $v_3\{4\}$ data measured in experiment. Our results highlight the unique capability of capturing transient collective properties of nuclei on yoctosecond ($10^{-24}$~s) timescales, unfeasible with low-energy nuclear reactions. |
| title | A "breathing'' octupole $^{208}$Pb nucleus: resolving the elliptical-to-triangular azimuthal anisotropy puzzle in ultracentral relativistic heavy ion collisions |
| topic | Nuclear Theory Nuclear Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.19644 |