Chatbot Arena Meets Nuggets: Towards Explanations and Diagnostics in the Evaluation of LLM Responses

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Main Authors: Sharifymoghaddam, Sahel, Upadhyay, Shivani, Thakur, Nandan, Pradeep, Ronak, Lin, Jimmy
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Sharifymoghaddam, Sahel
Upadhyay, Shivani
Thakur, Nandan
Pradeep, Ronak
Lin, Jimmy
author_facet Sharifymoghaddam, Sahel
Upadhyay, Shivani
Thakur, Nandan
Pradeep, Ronak
Lin, Jimmy
contents Battles, or side-by-side comparisons in so-called arenas that elicit human preferences, have emerged as a popular approach for assessing the output quality of LLMs. Recently, this idea has been extended to retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. While undoubtedly representing an advance in evaluation, battles have at least two drawbacks, particularly in the context of complex information-seeking queries: they are neither explanatory nor diagnostic. Recently, the nugget evaluation methodology has emerged as a promising approach to evaluate the quality of RAG answers. Nuggets decompose long-form LLM-generated answers into atomic facts, highlighting important pieces of information necessary in a "good" response. In this work, we apply our AutoNuggetizer framework to analyze data from roughly 7K Search Arena battles provided by LMArena in a fully automatic manner. Our results show a significant correlation between nugget scores and human preferences, showcasing promise in our approach to explainable and diagnostic system evaluations. All the code necessary to reproduce results in our work is available in https://github.com/castorini/lmsys_nuggetize.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_20006
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Chatbot Arena Meets Nuggets: Towards Explanations and Diagnostics in the Evaluation of LLM Responses
Sharifymoghaddam, Sahel
Upadhyay, Shivani
Thakur, Nandan
Pradeep, Ronak
Lin, Jimmy
Information Retrieval
Battles, or side-by-side comparisons in so-called arenas that elicit human preferences, have emerged as a popular approach for assessing the output quality of LLMs. Recently, this idea has been extended to retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. While undoubtedly representing an advance in evaluation, battles have at least two drawbacks, particularly in the context of complex information-seeking queries: they are neither explanatory nor diagnostic. Recently, the nugget evaluation methodology has emerged as a promising approach to evaluate the quality of RAG answers. Nuggets decompose long-form LLM-generated answers into atomic facts, highlighting important pieces of information necessary in a "good" response. In this work, we apply our AutoNuggetizer framework to analyze data from roughly 7K Search Arena battles provided by LMArena in a fully automatic manner. Our results show a significant correlation between nugget scores and human preferences, showcasing promise in our approach to explainable and diagnostic system evaluations. All the code necessary to reproduce results in our work is available in https://github.com/castorini/lmsys_nuggetize.
title Chatbot Arena Meets Nuggets: Towards Explanations and Diagnostics in the Evaluation of LLM Responses
topic Information Retrieval
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.20006