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Noise limits for dc SQUID readout of high-$Q$ resonators below 300 MHz

Fuente: arXiv

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Main Authors:	Ankel, V., Bartram, C., Begin, J., Bell, C., Brouwer, L., Chaudhuri, S., Clarke, John, Cho, H. -M., Corbin, J., Craddock, W., Cuadra, S., Droster, A., Durkin, M., Echevers, J., Fry, J. T., Hilton, G., Irwin, K. D., Keller, A., Kolevatov, R., Kunder, A., Li, D., Otto, N., Pappas, K. M. W., Rapidis, N. M., Salemi, C. P., Schmidt, D., Simanovskaia, M., Singh, J., Stark, P., Tesche, C. D., Ullom, J., Vale, L., van Assendelft, E. C., van Bibber, K., Vissers, M., Wells, K., Wiedemann, J., Winslow, L., Wright, D., Yi, A. K., Young, B. A.
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2025
Subjects:	Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Experiment
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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author	Ankel, V. Bartram, C. Begin, J. Bell, C. Brouwer, L. Chaudhuri, S. Clarke, John Cho, H. -M. Corbin, J. Craddock, W. Cuadra, S. Droster, A. Durkin, M. Echevers, J. Fry, J. T. Hilton, G. Irwin, K. D. Keller, A. Kolevatov, R. Kunder, A. Li, D. Otto, N. Pappas, K. M. W. Rapidis, N. M. Salemi, C. P. Schmidt, D. Simanovskaia, M. Singh, J. Stark, P. Tesche, C. D. Ullom, J. Vale, L. van Assendelft, E. C. van Bibber, K. Vissers, M. Wells, K. Wiedemann, J. Winslow, L. Wright, D. Yi, A. K. Young, B. A.
author_facet	Ankel, V. Bartram, C. Begin, J. Bell, C. Brouwer, L. Chaudhuri, S. Clarke, John Cho, H. -M. Corbin, J. Craddock, W. Cuadra, S. Droster, A. Durkin, M. Echevers, J. Fry, J. T. Hilton, G. Irwin, K. D. Keller, A. Kolevatov, R. Kunder, A. Li, D. Otto, N. Pappas, K. M. W. Rapidis, N. M. Salemi, C. P. Schmidt, D. Simanovskaia, M. Singh, J. Stark, P. Tesche, C. D. Ullom, J. Vale, L. van Assendelft, E. C. van Bibber, K. Vissers, M. Wells, K. Wiedemann, J. Winslow, L. Wright, D. Yi, A. K. Young, B. A.
contents	We present the limits on noise for the readout of cryogenic high-$Q$ resonators using dc Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) below 300 MHz. This analysis uses realized first-stage SQUIDs (previously published), whose performance is well described by Tesche-Clarke (TC) theory, coupled directly to the resonators. We also present data from a prototype second-stage dc SQUID array designed to couple to this first-stage SQUID as a follow-on amplifier with high system bandwidth. This analysis is the first full consideration of dc SQUID noise performance referred to a high-$Q$ resonator over this frequency range, and is presented relative to the standard quantum limit. We include imprecision, backaction, and backaction-imprecision noise correlations from TC theory, the noise contributed by the second-stage SQUIDs, wiring, and preamplifiers, and optimizations for both on-resonance measurements and off-resonance scan sensitivity. This architecture has modern relevance due to the increased interest in axion searches and the requirements of the DMRadio-m$^3$ axion search, which will use dc SQUIDs in this frequency range.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2504_20398
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2025
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Noise limits for dc SQUID readout of high-$Q$ resonators below 300 MHz Ankel, V. Bartram, C. Begin, J. Bell, C. Brouwer, L. Chaudhuri, S. Clarke, John Cho, H. -M. Corbin, J. Craddock, W. Cuadra, S. Droster, A. Durkin, M. Echevers, J. Fry, J. T. Hilton, G. Irwin, K. D. Keller, A. Kolevatov, R. Kunder, A. Li, D. Otto, N. Pappas, K. M. W. Rapidis, N. M. Salemi, C. P. Schmidt, D. Simanovskaia, M. Singh, J. Stark, P. Tesche, C. D. Ullom, J. Vale, L. van Assendelft, E. C. van Bibber, K. Vissers, M. Wells, K. Wiedemann, J. Winslow, L. Wright, D. Yi, A. K. Young, B. A. Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Experiment We present the limits on noise for the readout of cryogenic high-$Q$ resonators using dc Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) below 300 MHz. This analysis uses realized first-stage SQUIDs (previously published), whose performance is well described by Tesche-Clarke (TC) theory, coupled directly to the resonators. We also present data from a prototype second-stage dc SQUID array designed to couple to this first-stage SQUID as a follow-on amplifier with high system bandwidth. This analysis is the first full consideration of dc SQUID noise performance referred to a high-$Q$ resonator over this frequency range, and is presented relative to the standard quantum limit. We include imprecision, backaction, and backaction-imprecision noise correlations from TC theory, the noise contributed by the second-stage SQUIDs, wiring, and preamplifiers, and optimizations for both on-resonance measurements and off-resonance scan sensitivity. This architecture has modern relevance due to the increased interest in axion searches and the requirements of the DMRadio-m$^3$ axion search, which will use dc SQUIDs in this frequency range.
title	Noise limits for dc SQUID readout of high-$Q$ resonators below 300 MHz
topic	Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Experiment
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.20398