Urban Air Mobility as a System of Systems: An LLM-Enhanced Holonic Approach

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Sadik, Ahmed R., Ashfaq, Muhammad, Mäkitalo, Niko, Mikkonen, Tommi
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Sadik, Ahmed R.
Ashfaq, Muhammad
Mäkitalo, Niko
Mikkonen, Tommi
author_facet Sadik, Ahmed R.
Ashfaq, Muhammad
Mäkitalo, Niko
Mikkonen, Tommi
contents Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is an emerging System of System (SoS) that faces challenges in system architecture, planning, task management, and execution. Traditional architectural approaches struggle with scalability, adaptability, and seamless resource integration within dynamic and complex environments. This paper presents an intelligent holonic architecture that incorporates Large Language Model (LLM) to manage the complexities of UAM. Holons function semi autonomously, allowing for real time coordination among air taxis, ground transport, and vertiports. LLMs process natural language inputs, generate adaptive plans, and manage disruptions such as weather changes or airspace closures.Through a case study of multimodal transportation with electric scooters and air taxis, we demonstrate how this architecture enables dynamic resource allocation, real time replanning, and autonomous adaptation without centralized control, creating more resilient and efficient urban transportation networks. By advancing decentralized control and AI driven adaptability, this work lays the groundwork for resilient, human centric UAM ecosystems, with future efforts targeting hybrid AI integration and real world validation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_00368
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Urban Air Mobility as a System of Systems: An LLM-Enhanced Holonic Approach
Sadik, Ahmed R.
Ashfaq, Muhammad
Mäkitalo, Niko
Mikkonen, Tommi
Artificial Intelligence
Emerging Technologies
Multiagent Systems
Robotics
Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is an emerging System of System (SoS) that faces challenges in system architecture, planning, task management, and execution. Traditional architectural approaches struggle with scalability, adaptability, and seamless resource integration within dynamic and complex environments. This paper presents an intelligent holonic architecture that incorporates Large Language Model (LLM) to manage the complexities of UAM. Holons function semi autonomously, allowing for real time coordination among air taxis, ground transport, and vertiports. LLMs process natural language inputs, generate adaptive plans, and manage disruptions such as weather changes or airspace closures.Through a case study of multimodal transportation with electric scooters and air taxis, we demonstrate how this architecture enables dynamic resource allocation, real time replanning, and autonomous adaptation without centralized control, creating more resilient and efficient urban transportation networks. By advancing decentralized control and AI driven adaptability, this work lays the groundwork for resilient, human centric UAM ecosystems, with future efforts targeting hybrid AI integration and real world validation.
title Urban Air Mobility as a System of Systems: An LLM-Enhanced Holonic Approach
topic Artificial Intelligence
Emerging Technologies
Multiagent Systems
Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.00368