Tri-Hybrid Multi-User Precoding Based on Electromagnetically Reconfigurable Antennas
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866908349969203200 |
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| author | Zheng, Pinjun Zhang, Yuchen Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y. Hossain, Md. Jahangir Chaaban, Anas |
| author_facet | Zheng, Pinjun Zhang, Yuchen Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y. Hossain, Md. Jahangir Chaaban, Anas |
| contents | The tri-hybrid precoding architecture based on electromagnetically reconfigurable antennas (ERAs) is a promising solution for overcoming key limitations in multiple-input multiple-output communication systems. Aiming to further understand its potential, this paper investigates the tri-hybrid multi-user precoding problem using pattern reconfigurable ERAs. To reduce model complexity and improve practicality, we characterize each antenna's radiation pattern using a spherical harmonics decomposition. While mathematically tractable, this approach may lead to over-optimized patterns that are physically unrealizable. To address this, we introduce a projection step that maps the optimized patterns onto a realizable set. Simulation results demonstrate that spherical harmonics-based radiation pattern optimization significantly enhances sum rate performance. However, after projection onto a realizable set obtained from real ERA hardware, the performance gain is notably reduced or even negligible, underscoring the need for more effective projection techniques and improved reconfigurable antenna hardware. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_02254 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Tri-Hybrid Multi-User Precoding Based on Electromagnetically Reconfigurable Antennas Zheng, Pinjun Zhang, Yuchen Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y. Hossain, Md. Jahangir Chaaban, Anas Signal Processing The tri-hybrid precoding architecture based on electromagnetically reconfigurable antennas (ERAs) is a promising solution for overcoming key limitations in multiple-input multiple-output communication systems. Aiming to further understand its potential, this paper investigates the tri-hybrid multi-user precoding problem using pattern reconfigurable ERAs. To reduce model complexity and improve practicality, we characterize each antenna's radiation pattern using a spherical harmonics decomposition. While mathematically tractable, this approach may lead to over-optimized patterns that are physically unrealizable. To address this, we introduce a projection step that maps the optimized patterns onto a realizable set. Simulation results demonstrate that spherical harmonics-based radiation pattern optimization significantly enhances sum rate performance. However, after projection onto a realizable set obtained from real ERA hardware, the performance gain is notably reduced or even negligible, underscoring the need for more effective projection techniques and improved reconfigurable antenna hardware. |
| title | Tri-Hybrid Multi-User Precoding Based on Electromagnetically Reconfigurable Antennas |
| topic | Signal Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.02254 |