Connecting Independently Trained Modes via Layer-Wise Connectivity

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Tian, Yongding, Al-Ars, Zaid, Kitsak, Maksim, Hofstee, Peter
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Tian, Yongding
Al-Ars, Zaid
Kitsak, Maksim
Hofstee, Peter
author_facet Tian, Yongding
Al-Ars, Zaid
Kitsak, Maksim
Hofstee, Peter
contents Empirical studies have shown that continuous low-loss paths can be constructed between independently trained neural network models. This phenomenon, known as mode connectivity, refers to the existence of such paths between distinct modes-i.e., well-trained solutions in parameter space. However, existing empirical methods do not reliably connect independently trained modes and have been evaluated mainly on a narrow set of architectures (e.g., basic CNNs, VGG, and ResNet), leaving their effectiveness on newer models unclear. In this work, we propose a new empirical algorithm for connecting independently trained modes that generalizes beyond traditional architectures and supports a broader range of networks, including MobileNet, ShuffleNet, EfficientNet, RegNet, Deep Layer Aggregation (DLA), and Compact Convolutional Transformers (CCT). In addition to broader applicability, the proposed method yields more consistent connectivity paths across independently trained mode pairs and supports connecting modes obtained with different training hyperparameters.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_02604
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Connecting Independently Trained Modes via Layer-Wise Connectivity
Tian, Yongding
Al-Ars, Zaid
Kitsak, Maksim
Hofstee, Peter
Machine Learning
Empirical studies have shown that continuous low-loss paths can be constructed between independently trained neural network models. This phenomenon, known as mode connectivity, refers to the existence of such paths between distinct modes-i.e., well-trained solutions in parameter space. However, existing empirical methods do not reliably connect independently trained modes and have been evaluated mainly on a narrow set of architectures (e.g., basic CNNs, VGG, and ResNet), leaving their effectiveness on newer models unclear. In this work, we propose a new empirical algorithm for connecting independently trained modes that generalizes beyond traditional architectures and supports a broader range of networks, including MobileNet, ShuffleNet, EfficientNet, RegNet, Deep Layer Aggregation (DLA), and Compact Convolutional Transformers (CCT). In addition to broader applicability, the proposed method yields more consistent connectivity paths across independently trained mode pairs and supports connecting modes obtained with different training hyperparameters.
title Connecting Independently Trained Modes via Layer-Wise Connectivity
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.02604