To Judge or not to Judge: Using LLM Judgements for Advertiser Keyphrase Relevance at eBay

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Hauptverfasser: Dey, Soumik, Wu, Hansi, Li, Binbin
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Dey, Soumik
Wu, Hansi
Li, Binbin
author_facet Dey, Soumik
Wu, Hansi
Li, Binbin
contents E-commerce sellers are recommended keyphrases based on their inventory on which they advertise to increase buyer engagement (clicks/sales). The relevance of advertiser keyphrases plays an important role in preventing the inundation of search systems with numerous irrelevant items that compete for attention in auctions, in addition to maintaining a healthy seller perception. In this work, we describe the shortcomings of training Advertiser keyphrase relevance filter models on click/sales/search relevance signals and the importance of aligning with human judgment, as sellers have the power to adopt or reject said keyphrase recommendations. In this study, we frame Advertiser keyphrase relevance as a complex interaction between 3 dynamical systems -- seller judgment, which influences seller adoption of our product, Advertising, which provides the keyphrases to bid on, and Search, who holds the auctions for the same keyphrases. This study discusses the practicalities of using human judgment via a case study at eBay Advertising and demonstrate that using LLM-as-a-judge en-masse as a scalable proxy for seller judgment to train our relevance models achieves a better harmony across the three systems -- provided that they are bound by a meticulous evaluation framework grounded in business metrics.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_04209
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle To Judge or not to Judge: Using LLM Judgements for Advertiser Keyphrase Relevance at eBay
Dey, Soumik
Wu, Hansi
Li, Binbin
Information Retrieval
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
E-commerce sellers are recommended keyphrases based on their inventory on which they advertise to increase buyer engagement (clicks/sales). The relevance of advertiser keyphrases plays an important role in preventing the inundation of search systems with numerous irrelevant items that compete for attention in auctions, in addition to maintaining a healthy seller perception. In this work, we describe the shortcomings of training Advertiser keyphrase relevance filter models on click/sales/search relevance signals and the importance of aligning with human judgment, as sellers have the power to adopt or reject said keyphrase recommendations. In this study, we frame Advertiser keyphrase relevance as a complex interaction between 3 dynamical systems -- seller judgment, which influences seller adoption of our product, Advertising, which provides the keyphrases to bid on, and Search, who holds the auctions for the same keyphrases. This study discusses the practicalities of using human judgment via a case study at eBay Advertising and demonstrate that using LLM-as-a-judge en-masse as a scalable proxy for seller judgment to train our relevance models achieves a better harmony across the three systems -- provided that they are bound by a meticulous evaluation framework grounded in business metrics.
title To Judge or not to Judge: Using LLM Judgements for Advertiser Keyphrase Relevance at eBay
topic Information Retrieval
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.04209