Search for solar axions produced through the axion-electron coupling $g_{ae}$ using a new GridPix detector at CAST

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Main Authors:	Altenmüller, K., Anastassopoulos, V., Arguedas-Cuendis, S., Aune, S., Baier, J., Barth, K., Bräuninger, H., Cantatore, G., Caspers, F., Castel, J. F., Çetin, S. A., Christensen, F., Cogollos, C., Dafni, T., Davenport, M., Decker, T. A., Desch, K., Díez-Ibáñez, D., Döbrich, B., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Fischer, H., Funk, W., Galán, J., García, J. A., Gardikiotis, A., Giomataris, I., Golm, J., Hailey, C. H., Hasinoff, M. D., Hoffmann, D. H. H., Irastorza, I. G., Jacoby, J., Jakobsen, A. C., Jakovčić, K., Kaminski, J., Karuza, M., Kostoglou, S., Krieger, C., Laurent, J. M., Luzón, G., Malbrunot, C., Margalejo, C., Maroudas, M., Miceli, L., Mirallas, H., Navarro, P., Obis, L., Özbey, A., Özbozduman, K., Papaevangelou, T., Pérez, O., Pivovaroff, M. J., Rosu, M., Ruiz-Chóliz, E., Ruz, J., Schiffer, T., Schmidt, S., Schumann, M., Semertzidis, Y. K., Solanki, S. K., Stewart, L., Vafeiadis, T., Vogel, J. K., Zioutas, K.
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2025
Subjects:	High Energy Physics - Experiment
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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author	Altenmüller, K. Anastassopoulos, V. Arguedas-Cuendis, S. Aune, S. Baier, J. Barth, K. Bräuninger, H. Cantatore, G. Caspers, F. Castel, J. F. Çetin, S. A. Christensen, F. Cogollos, C. Dafni, T. Davenport, M. Decker, T. A. Desch, K. Díez-Ibáñez, D. Döbrich, B. Ferrer-Ribas, E. Fischer, H. Funk, W. Galán, J. García, J. A. Gardikiotis, A. Giomataris, I. Golm, J. Hailey, C. H. Hasinoff, M. D. Hoffmann, D. H. H. Irastorza, I. G. Jacoby, J. Jakobsen, A. C. Jakovčić, K. Kaminski, J. Karuza, M. Kostoglou, S. Krieger, C. Laurent, J. M. Luzón, G. Malbrunot, C. Margalejo, C. Maroudas, M. Miceli, L. Mirallas, H. Navarro, P. Obis, L. Özbey, A. Özbozduman, K. Papaevangelou, T. Pérez, O. Pivovaroff, M. J. Rosu, M. Ruiz-Chóliz, E. Ruz, J. Schiffer, T. Schmidt, S. Schumann, M. Semertzidis, Y. K. Solanki, S. K. Stewart, L. Vafeiadis, T. Vogel, J. K. Zioutas, K.
author_facet	Altenmüller, K. Anastassopoulos, V. Arguedas-Cuendis, S. Aune, S. Baier, J. Barth, K. Bräuninger, H. Cantatore, G. Caspers, F. Castel, J. F. Çetin, S. A. Christensen, F. Cogollos, C. Dafni, T. Davenport, M. Decker, T. A. Desch, K. Díez-Ibáñez, D. Döbrich, B. Ferrer-Ribas, E. Fischer, H. Funk, W. Galán, J. García, J. A. Gardikiotis, A. Giomataris, I. Golm, J. Hailey, C. H. Hasinoff, M. D. Hoffmann, D. H. H. Irastorza, I. G. Jacoby, J. Jakobsen, A. C. Jakovčić, K. Kaminski, J. Karuza, M. Kostoglou, S. Krieger, C. Laurent, J. M. Luzón, G. Malbrunot, C. Margalejo, C. Maroudas, M. Miceli, L. Mirallas, H. Navarro, P. Obis, L. Özbey, A. Özbozduman, K. Papaevangelou, T. Pérez, O. Pivovaroff, M. J. Rosu, M. Ruiz-Chóliz, E. Ruz, J. Schiffer, T. Schmidt, S. Schumann, M. Semertzidis, Y. K. Solanki, S. K. Stewart, L. Vafeiadis, T. Vogel, J. K. Zioutas, K.
contents	We present a search for solar axions produced through the axion-electron coupling $(g_{ae})$ using data from a novel 7-GridPix detector installed at the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST). The detector, featuring ultra-thin silicon nitride windows and multiple veto systems, collected approximately 160 hours of solar tracking data between 2017-2018. Using machine learning techniques and the veto systems, we achieved a background rate of $1.06\times 10^{-5}\,\text{keV}^{-1}\text{cm}^{-2}\text{s}^{-1}$ at a signal efficiency of about $80\,\%$ in the $0.2$-$8\,\text{keV}$ range. Analysis of the data yielded no significant excess above background, allowing us to set a new upper limit on the product of the axion-electron and axion-photon couplings of $g_{ae}\cdot g_{aγ} < 7.35\times 10^{-23}\,\text{GeV}^{-1}$ at $95\,\%$ confidence level. This result improves upon the previous best helioscope limit and demonstrates the potential of GridPix technology for rare event searches. Additionally, we derived a limit on the axion-photon coupling of $g_{aγ} < 9.0\times 10^{-11}\,\text{GeV}^{-1}$ at $95\,\%$ CL, which, while not surpassing CAST's best limit, provides complementary constraints on axion models.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_05909
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2025
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Search for solar axions produced through the axion-electron coupling $g_{ae}$ using a new GridPix detector at CAST Altenmüller, K. Anastassopoulos, V. Arguedas-Cuendis, S. Aune, S. Baier, J. Barth, K. Bräuninger, H. Cantatore, G. Caspers, F. Castel, J. F. Çetin, S. A. Christensen, F. Cogollos, C. Dafni, T. Davenport, M. Decker, T. A. Desch, K. Díez-Ibáñez, D. Döbrich, B. Ferrer-Ribas, E. Fischer, H. Funk, W. Galán, J. García, J. A. Gardikiotis, A. Giomataris, I. Golm, J. Hailey, C. H. Hasinoff, M. D. Hoffmann, D. H. H. Irastorza, I. G. Jacoby, J. Jakobsen, A. C. Jakovčić, K. Kaminski, J. Karuza, M. Kostoglou, S. Krieger, C. Laurent, J. M. Luzón, G. Malbrunot, C. Margalejo, C. Maroudas, M. Miceli, L. Mirallas, H. Navarro, P. Obis, L. Özbey, A. Özbozduman, K. Papaevangelou, T. Pérez, O. Pivovaroff, M. J. Rosu, M. Ruiz-Chóliz, E. Ruz, J. Schiffer, T. Schmidt, S. Schumann, M. Semertzidis, Y. K. Solanki, S. K. Stewart, L. Vafeiadis, T. Vogel, J. K. Zioutas, K. High Energy Physics - Experiment We present a search for solar axions produced through the axion-electron coupling $(g_{ae})$ using data from a novel 7-GridPix detector installed at the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST). The detector, featuring ultra-thin silicon nitride windows and multiple veto systems, collected approximately 160 hours of solar tracking data between 2017-2018. Using machine learning techniques and the veto systems, we achieved a background rate of $1.06\times 10^{-5}\,\text{keV}^{-1}\text{cm}^{-2}\text{s}^{-1}$ at a signal efficiency of about $80\,\%$ in the $0.2$-$8\,\text{keV}$ range. Analysis of the data yielded no significant excess above background, allowing us to set a new upper limit on the product of the axion-electron and axion-photon couplings of $g_{ae}\cdot g_{aγ} < 7.35\times 10^{-23}\,\text{GeV}^{-1}$ at $95\,\%$ confidence level. This result improves upon the previous best helioscope limit and demonstrates the potential of GridPix technology for rare event searches. Additionally, we derived a limit on the axion-photon coupling of $g_{aγ} < 9.0\times 10^{-11}\,\text{GeV}^{-1}$ at $95\,\%$ CL, which, while not surpassing CAST's best limit, provides complementary constraints on axion models.
title	Search for solar axions produced through the axion-electron coupling $g_{ae}$ using a new GridPix detector at CAST
topic	High Energy Physics - Experiment
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.05909