Demonstration of full-scale spatio-temporal diagnostics of solid-density plasmas driven by an ultra-short relativistic laser pulse using an X-ray free-electron laser
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| author | Huang, Lingen Šmíd, Michal Yang, Long Humphries, Oliver Hagemann, Johannes Engler, Thea Pan, Xiayun Cui, Yangzhe Kluge, Thomas Aguilar, Ritz Baehtz, Carsten Brambrink, Erik Eren, Engin Falk, Katerina Garcia, Alejandro Laso Göde, Sebastian Gutt, Christian Hassan, Mohamed Heuser, Philipp Höppner, Hauke Kozlova, Michaela Lu, Wei Metzkes-Ng, Josefine Masruri, Masruri Mishchenko, Mikhail Nakatsutsumi, Motoaki Ota, Masato Öztürk, Özgül Pelka, Alexander Prencipe, Irene Preston, Thomas R. Randolph, Lisa Rehwald, Martin Schlenvoigt, Hans-Peter Schramm, Ulrich Schwinkendorf, Jan-Patrick Stark, Sebastian Stefanikova, Radka Thiessenhusen, Erik Toncian, Monica Toncian, Toma Vorberger, Jan Zastrau, Ulf Zeil, Karl Cowan, Thomas E. |
| author_facet | Huang, Lingen Šmíd, Michal Yang, Long Humphries, Oliver Hagemann, Johannes Engler, Thea Pan, Xiayun Cui, Yangzhe Kluge, Thomas Aguilar, Ritz Baehtz, Carsten Brambrink, Erik Eren, Engin Falk, Katerina Garcia, Alejandro Laso Göde, Sebastian Gutt, Christian Hassan, Mohamed Heuser, Philipp Höppner, Hauke Kozlova, Michaela Lu, Wei Metzkes-Ng, Josefine Masruri, Masruri Mishchenko, Mikhail Nakatsutsumi, Motoaki Ota, Masato Öztürk, Özgül Pelka, Alexander Prencipe, Irene Preston, Thomas R. Randolph, Lisa Rehwald, Martin Schlenvoigt, Hans-Peter Schramm, Ulrich Schwinkendorf, Jan-Patrick Stark, Sebastian Stefanikova, Radka Thiessenhusen, Erik Toncian, Monica Toncian, Toma Vorberger, Jan Zastrau, Ulf Zeil, Karl Cowan, Thomas E. |
| contents | Understanding the complex plasma dynamics in ultra-intense relativistic laser-solid interactions is of fundamental importance to the applications of laser plasma-based particle accelerators, creation of high energy-density matter, understanding of planetary science and laser-driven fusion energy. However, experimental efforts in this regime have been limited by the accessibility of over-critical density and spatio-temporal resolution of conventional diagnostics. Over the last decade, the advent of femtosecond brilliant hard X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) is opening new horizons to break these limitations. Here, for the first time we present full-scale spatio-temporal measurements of solid-density plasma dynamics, including preplasma generation with tens of nanometer-scale length driven by the leading edge of a relativistic laser pulse, ultrafast heating and ionization at the main pulse arrival, laser-driven blast shock waves and transient surface return current-induced compression dynamics up to hundreds of picoseconds after interaction. These observations are enabled by utilizing a novel combination of advanced X-ray diagnostics such as small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy (RXES), and propagation-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging (XPCI) simultaneously at the European XFEL-HED beamline station. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_06425 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Demonstration of full-scale spatio-temporal diagnostics of solid-density plasmas driven by an ultra-short relativistic laser pulse using an X-ray free-electron laser Huang, Lingen Šmíd, Michal Yang, Long Humphries, Oliver Hagemann, Johannes Engler, Thea Pan, Xiayun Cui, Yangzhe Kluge, Thomas Aguilar, Ritz Baehtz, Carsten Brambrink, Erik Eren, Engin Falk, Katerina Garcia, Alejandro Laso Göde, Sebastian Gutt, Christian Hassan, Mohamed Heuser, Philipp Höppner, Hauke Kozlova, Michaela Lu, Wei Metzkes-Ng, Josefine Masruri, Masruri Mishchenko, Mikhail Nakatsutsumi, Motoaki Ota, Masato Öztürk, Özgül Pelka, Alexander Prencipe, Irene Preston, Thomas R. Randolph, Lisa Rehwald, Martin Schlenvoigt, Hans-Peter Schramm, Ulrich Schwinkendorf, Jan-Patrick Stark, Sebastian Stefanikova, Radka Thiessenhusen, Erik Toncian, Monica Toncian, Toma Vorberger, Jan Zastrau, Ulf Zeil, Karl Cowan, Thomas E. Plasma Physics Understanding the complex plasma dynamics in ultra-intense relativistic laser-solid interactions is of fundamental importance to the applications of laser plasma-based particle accelerators, creation of high energy-density matter, understanding of planetary science and laser-driven fusion energy. However, experimental efforts in this regime have been limited by the accessibility of over-critical density and spatio-temporal resolution of conventional diagnostics. Over the last decade, the advent of femtosecond brilliant hard X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) is opening new horizons to break these limitations. Here, for the first time we present full-scale spatio-temporal measurements of solid-density plasma dynamics, including preplasma generation with tens of nanometer-scale length driven by the leading edge of a relativistic laser pulse, ultrafast heating and ionization at the main pulse arrival, laser-driven blast shock waves and transient surface return current-induced compression dynamics up to hundreds of picoseconds after interaction. These observations are enabled by utilizing a novel combination of advanced X-ray diagnostics such as small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy (RXES), and propagation-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging (XPCI) simultaneously at the European XFEL-HED beamline station. |
| title | Demonstration of full-scale spatio-temporal diagnostics of solid-density plasmas driven by an ultra-short relativistic laser pulse using an X-ray free-electron laser |
| topic | Plasma Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.06425 |