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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.07117 |
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| _version_ | 1866909943932649472 |
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| author | McCready, Matthew A. Cao, Xiaozhi Setsompop, Kawin Pauly, John M. Kerr, Adam B. |
| author_facet | McCready, Matthew A. Cao, Xiaozhi Setsompop, Kawin Pauly, John M. Kerr, Adam B. |
| contents | A customizable method (OPTIKS) for designing fast trajectory-constrained gradient waveforms with optimized time domain properties was developed. Given a specified multidimensional k-space trajectory, the method optimizes traversal speed (and therefore timing) with position along the trajectory. OPTIKS facilitates optimization of objectives dependent on the time domain gradient waveform and the arc-length domain k-space speed. OPTIKS is applied to design waveforms which limit peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), minimize mechanical resonance excitation, and reduce acoustic noise. A variety of trajectory examples are presented including spirals, circular echo-planar-imaging, and rosettes. Design performance is evaluated based on duration, standardized PNS models, field measurements, gradient coil back-EMF measurements, and calibrated acoustic measurements. We show reductions in back-EMF of up to 94% and field oscillations up to 91.1%, acoustic noise decreases of up to 9.22 dB, and with efficient use of PNS models speed increases of up to 11.4%. The design method implementation is made available as an open source Python package through GitHub. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_07117 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | OPTIKS: Optimized Gradient Properties Through Timing in K-Space McCready, Matthew A. Cao, Xiaozhi Setsompop, Kawin Pauly, John M. Kerr, Adam B. Systems and Control Signal Processing Medical Physics A customizable method (OPTIKS) for designing fast trajectory-constrained gradient waveforms with optimized time domain properties was developed. Given a specified multidimensional k-space trajectory, the method optimizes traversal speed (and therefore timing) with position along the trajectory. OPTIKS facilitates optimization of objectives dependent on the time domain gradient waveform and the arc-length domain k-space speed. OPTIKS is applied to design waveforms which limit peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), minimize mechanical resonance excitation, and reduce acoustic noise. A variety of trajectory examples are presented including spirals, circular echo-planar-imaging, and rosettes. Design performance is evaluated based on duration, standardized PNS models, field measurements, gradient coil back-EMF measurements, and calibrated acoustic measurements. We show reductions in back-EMF of up to 94% and field oscillations up to 91.1%, acoustic noise decreases of up to 9.22 dB, and with efficient use of PNS models speed increases of up to 11.4%. The design method implementation is made available as an open source Python package through GitHub. |
| title | OPTIKS: Optimized Gradient Properties Through Timing in K-Space |
| topic | Systems and Control Signal Processing Medical Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.07117 |