N$^2$LoS: Single-Tag mmWave Backscatter for Robust Non-Line-of-Sight Localization
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866918018629500928 |
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| author | Shi, Zhenguo Yan, Yihe Wang, Yanxiang Hu, Wen Chou, Chun Tung |
| author_facet | Shi, Zhenguo Yan, Yihe Wang, Yanxiang Hu, Wen Chou, Chun Tung |
| contents | The accuracy of traditional localization methods significantly degrades when the direct path between the wireless transmitter and the target is blocked or non-penetrable. This paper proposes N2LoS, a novel approach for precise non-line-of-sight (NLoS) localization using a single mmWave radar and a backscatter tag. N2LoS leverages multipath reflections from both the tag and surrounding reflectors to accurately estimate the targets position. N2LoS introduces several key innovations. First, we design HFD (Hybrid Frequency-Hopping and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) to detect and differentiate reflectors from the target. Second, we enhance signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by exploiting the correlation properties of the designed signals, improving detection robustness in complex environments. Third, we propose FS-MUSIC (Frequency-Spatial Multiple Signal Classification), a super resolution algorithm that extends the traditional MUSIC method by constructing a higher-rank signal matrix, enabling the resolution of additional multipath components. We evaluate N2LoS using a 24 GHz mmWave radar with 250 MHz bandwidth in three diverse environments: a laboratory, an office, and an around-the-corner corridor. Experimental results demonstrate that N2LoS achieves median localization errors of 10.69 cm (X) and 11.98 cm (Y) at a 5 m range in the laboratory setting, showcasing its effectiveness for real-world NLoS localization. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_08240 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | N$^2$LoS: Single-Tag mmWave Backscatter for Robust Non-Line-of-Sight Localization Shi, Zhenguo Yan, Yihe Wang, Yanxiang Hu, Wen Chou, Chun Tung Signal Processing The accuracy of traditional localization methods significantly degrades when the direct path between the wireless transmitter and the target is blocked or non-penetrable. This paper proposes N2LoS, a novel approach for precise non-line-of-sight (NLoS) localization using a single mmWave radar and a backscatter tag. N2LoS leverages multipath reflections from both the tag and surrounding reflectors to accurately estimate the targets position. N2LoS introduces several key innovations. First, we design HFD (Hybrid Frequency-Hopping and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) to detect and differentiate reflectors from the target. Second, we enhance signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by exploiting the correlation properties of the designed signals, improving detection robustness in complex environments. Third, we propose FS-MUSIC (Frequency-Spatial Multiple Signal Classification), a super resolution algorithm that extends the traditional MUSIC method by constructing a higher-rank signal matrix, enabling the resolution of additional multipath components. We evaluate N2LoS using a 24 GHz mmWave radar with 250 MHz bandwidth in three diverse environments: a laboratory, an office, and an around-the-corner corridor. Experimental results demonstrate that N2LoS achieves median localization errors of 10.69 cm (X) and 11.98 cm (Y) at a 5 m range in the laboratory setting, showcasing its effectiveness for real-world NLoS localization. |
| title | N$^2$LoS: Single-Tag mmWave Backscatter for Robust Non-Line-of-Sight Localization |
| topic | Signal Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.08240 |