Attention-based Generative Latent Replay: A Continual Learning Approach for WSI Analysis
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866913834598400000 |
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| author | Kumari, Pratibha Reisenbüchler, Daniel Bozorgpour, Afshin Schaadt, Nadine S. Feuerhake, Friedrich Merhof, Dorit |
| author_facet | Kumari, Pratibha Reisenbüchler, Daniel Bozorgpour, Afshin Schaadt, Nadine S. Feuerhake, Friedrich Merhof, Dorit |
| contents | Whole slide image (WSI) classification has emerged as a powerful tool in computational pathology, but remains constrained by domain shifts, e.g., due to different organs, diseases, or institution-specific variations. To address this challenge, we propose an Attention-based Generative Latent Replay Continual Learning framework (AGLR-CL), in a multiple instance learning (MIL) setup for domain incremental WSI classification. Our method employs Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) to synthesize WSI representations and patch count distributions, preserving knowledge of past domains without explicitly storing original data. A novel attention-based filtering step focuses on the most salient patch embeddings, ensuring high-quality synthetic samples. This privacy-aware strategy obviates the need for replay buffers and outperforms other buffer-free counterparts while matching the performance of buffer-based solutions. We validate AGLR-CL on clinically relevant biomarker detection and molecular status prediction across multiple public datasets with diverse centers, organs, and patient cohorts. Experimental results confirm its ability to retain prior knowledge and adapt to new domains, offering an effective, privacy-preserving avenue for domain incremental continual learning in WSI classification. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_08524 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Attention-based Generative Latent Replay: A Continual Learning Approach for WSI Analysis Kumari, Pratibha Reisenbüchler, Daniel Bozorgpour, Afshin Schaadt, Nadine S. Feuerhake, Friedrich Merhof, Dorit Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Emerging Technologies Whole slide image (WSI) classification has emerged as a powerful tool in computational pathology, but remains constrained by domain shifts, e.g., due to different organs, diseases, or institution-specific variations. To address this challenge, we propose an Attention-based Generative Latent Replay Continual Learning framework (AGLR-CL), in a multiple instance learning (MIL) setup for domain incremental WSI classification. Our method employs Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) to synthesize WSI representations and patch count distributions, preserving knowledge of past domains without explicitly storing original data. A novel attention-based filtering step focuses on the most salient patch embeddings, ensuring high-quality synthetic samples. This privacy-aware strategy obviates the need for replay buffers and outperforms other buffer-free counterparts while matching the performance of buffer-based solutions. We validate AGLR-CL on clinically relevant biomarker detection and molecular status prediction across multiple public datasets with diverse centers, organs, and patient cohorts. Experimental results confirm its ability to retain prior knowledge and adapt to new domains, offering an effective, privacy-preserving avenue for domain incremental continual learning in WSI classification. |
| title | Attention-based Generative Latent Replay: A Continual Learning Approach for WSI Analysis |
| topic | Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Emerging Technologies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.08524 |