Small hitting sets for longest paths and cycles

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Norin, Sergey, Steiner, Raphael, Thomassé, Stephan, Wollan, Paul
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866913973922693120
author Norin, Sergey
Steiner, Raphael
Thomassé, Stephan
Wollan, Paul
author_facet Norin, Sergey
Steiner, Raphael
Thomassé, Stephan
Wollan, Paul
contents Motivated by an old question of Gallai (1966) on the intersection of longest paths in a graph and the well-known conjectures of Lovász (1969) and Thomassen (1978) on the maximum length of paths and cycles in vertex-transitive graphs, we present improved bounds for the parameters $\mathrm{lpt}(G)$ and $\mathrm{lct}(G)$, defined as the minimum size of a set of vertices in a graph $G$ hitting all longest paths (cycles, respectively). First, we show that every connected graph $G$ on $n$ vertices satisfies $\mathrm{lpt}(G)\le \sqrt{8n}$, and $\mathrm{lct}(G)\le \sqrt{8n}$ if $G$ is additionally $2$-connected. This improves a sequence of earlier bounds for these problems, with the previous state of the art being $O(n^{2/3})$. Second, we show that every connected graph $G$ satisfies $\mathrm{lpt}(G)\le O(\ell^{5/9})$, where $\ell$ denotes the maximum length of a path in $G$. As an immediate application of this latter bound, we present further progress towards Lovász' and Thomassen's conjectures: We show that every connected vertex-transitive graph of order $n$ contains a cycle (and path) of length $Ω(n^{9/14})$. This improves the previous best bound of the form $Ω(n^{13/21})$. Interestingly, our proofs make use of several concepts and results from structural graph theory, such as a result of Robertson and Seymour (1990) on transactions in societies and Tutte's $2$-separator theorem.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_08634
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Small hitting sets for longest paths and cycles
Norin, Sergey
Steiner, Raphael
Thomassé, Stephan
Wollan, Paul
Combinatorics
05C38, 05C69
Motivated by an old question of Gallai (1966) on the intersection of longest paths in a graph and the well-known conjectures of Lovász (1969) and Thomassen (1978) on the maximum length of paths and cycles in vertex-transitive graphs, we present improved bounds for the parameters $\mathrm{lpt}(G)$ and $\mathrm{lct}(G)$, defined as the minimum size of a set of vertices in a graph $G$ hitting all longest paths (cycles, respectively). First, we show that every connected graph $G$ on $n$ vertices satisfies $\mathrm{lpt}(G)\le \sqrt{8n}$, and $\mathrm{lct}(G)\le \sqrt{8n}$ if $G$ is additionally $2$-connected. This improves a sequence of earlier bounds for these problems, with the previous state of the art being $O(n^{2/3})$. Second, we show that every connected graph $G$ satisfies $\mathrm{lpt}(G)\le O(\ell^{5/9})$, where $\ell$ denotes the maximum length of a path in $G$. As an immediate application of this latter bound, we present further progress towards Lovász' and Thomassen's conjectures: We show that every connected vertex-transitive graph of order $n$ contains a cycle (and path) of length $Ω(n^{9/14})$. This improves the previous best bound of the form $Ω(n^{13/21})$. Interestingly, our proofs make use of several concepts and results from structural graph theory, such as a result of Robertson and Seymour (1990) on transactions in societies and Tutte's $2$-separator theorem.
title Small hitting sets for longest paths and cycles
topic Combinatorics
05C38, 05C69
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.08634