Searching for GEMS: Confirmation of TOI-5573b, a Cool, Saturn-like Planet Orbiting An M-dwarf
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2025
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| author | Fernandes, Rachel B Kanodia, Shubham Delamer, Megan Hotnisky, Andrew Han, Te Canas, Caleb I Libby-Roberts, Jessica Reji, Varghese Gupta, Arvind F Alvarado-Montes, Jaime A Bender, Chad F Blake, Cullen H Cochran, William D de Beurs, Zoe L Diddams, Scott A Dong, Jiayin Everett, Mark E Ford, Eric B Halverson, Samuel Higuera, Jesus Kobulnicky, Henry A Krolikowski, Daniel M Larsen, Alexander Lin, Andrea SJ Mahadevan, Suvrath McElwain, Michael W Monson, Andrew Ninan, Joe P Paredes, Leonardo A Patel, Yatrik G Robertson, Paul Ross, Gabrielle Roy, Arpita Schwab, Christian Stefansson, Gudmundur Stevens, Daniel J Vanderburg, Andrew M Wright, Jason |
| author_facet | Fernandes, Rachel B Kanodia, Shubham Delamer, Megan Hotnisky, Andrew Han, Te Canas, Caleb I Libby-Roberts, Jessica Reji, Varghese Gupta, Arvind F Alvarado-Montes, Jaime A Bender, Chad F Blake, Cullen H Cochran, William D de Beurs, Zoe L Diddams, Scott A Dong, Jiayin Everett, Mark E Ford, Eric B Halverson, Samuel Higuera, Jesus Kobulnicky, Henry A Krolikowski, Daniel M Larsen, Alexander Lin, Andrea SJ Mahadevan, Suvrath McElwain, Michael W Monson, Andrew Ninan, Joe P Paredes, Leonardo A Patel, Yatrik G Robertson, Paul Ross, Gabrielle Roy, Arpita Schwab, Christian Stefansson, Gudmundur Stevens, Daniel J Vanderburg, Andrew M Wright, Jason |
| contents | We present the confirmation of TOI-5573b, a Saturn-sized exoplanet on an 8.79-day orbit around an early M-dwarf (3790 K, 0.59 R$\odot$, 0.61 M$\odot$, 12.30 J mag). TOI-5573b has a mass of $112^{+18}_{-19}$ M$\oplus$ (0.35$\pm$0.06 M$\mathrm{Jup}$) and a radius of $9.75\pm0.47$ R$\oplus$ (0.87$\pm$0.04 R$\mathrm{Jup}$), resulting in a density of $0.66^{+0.16}_{-0.13}$ g cm$^{-3}$, akin to that of Saturn. The planet was initially discovered by TESS and confirmed using a combination of 11 transits from four TESS sectors (20, 21, 47 and 74), ground-based photometry from the Red Buttes Observatory, and high-precision radial velocity data from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder (HPF) and NEID spectrographs, achieving a 5$σ$ precision on the planet's mass. TOI-5573b is one of the coolest Saturn-like exoplanets discovered around an M-dwarf, with an equilibrium temperature of $528\pm10$ K, making it a valuable target for atmospheric characterization. Saturn-like exoplanets around M-dwarfs likely form through core accretion, with increased disk opacity slowing gas accretion and limiting their mass. The host star's super-solar metallicity supports core accretion, but uncertainties in M-dwarf metallicity estimates complicate definitive conclusions. Compared to other GEMS (Giant Exoplanets around M-dwarf Stars) orbiting metal-rich stars, TOI-5573b aligns with the observed pattern that giant planets preferentially form around M-dwarfs with super-solar metallicity. Further high-resolution spectroscopic observations are needed to explore the role of stellar metallicity in shaping the formation and properties of giant exoplanets like TOI-5573b. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_08947 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Searching for GEMS: Confirmation of TOI-5573b, a Cool, Saturn-like Planet Orbiting An M-dwarf Fernandes, Rachel B Kanodia, Shubham Delamer, Megan Hotnisky, Andrew Han, Te Canas, Caleb I Libby-Roberts, Jessica Reji, Varghese Gupta, Arvind F Alvarado-Montes, Jaime A Bender, Chad F Blake, Cullen H Cochran, William D de Beurs, Zoe L Diddams, Scott A Dong, Jiayin Everett, Mark E Ford, Eric B Halverson, Samuel Higuera, Jesus Kobulnicky, Henry A Krolikowski, Daniel M Larsen, Alexander Lin, Andrea SJ Mahadevan, Suvrath McElwain, Michael W Monson, Andrew Ninan, Joe P Paredes, Leonardo A Patel, Yatrik G Robertson, Paul Ross, Gabrielle Roy, Arpita Schwab, Christian Stefansson, Gudmundur Stevens, Daniel J Vanderburg, Andrew M Wright, Jason Earth and Planetary Astrophysics We present the confirmation of TOI-5573b, a Saturn-sized exoplanet on an 8.79-day orbit around an early M-dwarf (3790 K, 0.59 R$\odot$, 0.61 M$\odot$, 12.30 J mag). TOI-5573b has a mass of $112^{+18}_{-19}$ M$\oplus$ (0.35$\pm$0.06 M$\mathrm{Jup}$) and a radius of $9.75\pm0.47$ R$\oplus$ (0.87$\pm$0.04 R$\mathrm{Jup}$), resulting in a density of $0.66^{+0.16}_{-0.13}$ g cm$^{-3}$, akin to that of Saturn. The planet was initially discovered by TESS and confirmed using a combination of 11 transits from four TESS sectors (20, 21, 47 and 74), ground-based photometry from the Red Buttes Observatory, and high-precision radial velocity data from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder (HPF) and NEID spectrographs, achieving a 5$σ$ precision on the planet's mass. TOI-5573b is one of the coolest Saturn-like exoplanets discovered around an M-dwarf, with an equilibrium temperature of $528\pm10$ K, making it a valuable target for atmospheric characterization. Saturn-like exoplanets around M-dwarfs likely form through core accretion, with increased disk opacity slowing gas accretion and limiting their mass. The host star's super-solar metallicity supports core accretion, but uncertainties in M-dwarf metallicity estimates complicate definitive conclusions. Compared to other GEMS (Giant Exoplanets around M-dwarf Stars) orbiting metal-rich stars, TOI-5573b aligns with the observed pattern that giant planets preferentially form around M-dwarfs with super-solar metallicity. Further high-resolution spectroscopic observations are needed to explore the role of stellar metallicity in shaping the formation and properties of giant exoplanets like TOI-5573b. |
| title | Searching for GEMS: Confirmation of TOI-5573b, a Cool, Saturn-like Planet Orbiting An M-dwarf |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.08947 |