Evaluation Metrics for Misinformation Warning Interventions: Challenges and Prospects

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Autori principali: Zubairu, Hussaini, Abdou, Abdelrahaman, Matrawy, Ashraf
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Zubairu, Hussaini
Abdou, Abdelrahaman
Matrawy, Ashraf
author_facet Zubairu, Hussaini
Abdou, Abdelrahaman
Matrawy, Ashraf
contents Misinformation has become a widespread issue in the 21st century, impacting numerous areas of society and underscoring the need for effective intervention strategies. Among these strategies, user-centered interventions, such as warning systems, have shown promise in reducing the spread of misinformation. Many studies have used various metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of these warning interventions. However, no systematic review has thoroughly examined these metrics in all studies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of existing metrics for assessing the effectiveness of misinformation warnings, categorizing them into four main groups: behavioral impact, trust and credulity, usability, and cognitive and psychological effects. Through this review, we identify critical challenges in measuring the effectiveness of misinformation warnings, including inconsistent use of cognitive and attitudinal metrics, the lack of standardized metrics for affective and emotional impact, variations in user trust, and the need for more inclusive warning designs. We present an overview of these metrics and propose areas for future research.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_09526
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Evaluation Metrics for Misinformation Warning Interventions: Challenges and Prospects
Zubairu, Hussaini
Abdou, Abdelrahaman
Matrawy, Ashraf
Human-Computer Interaction
Misinformation has become a widespread issue in the 21st century, impacting numerous areas of society and underscoring the need for effective intervention strategies. Among these strategies, user-centered interventions, such as warning systems, have shown promise in reducing the spread of misinformation. Many studies have used various metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of these warning interventions. However, no systematic review has thoroughly examined these metrics in all studies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of existing metrics for assessing the effectiveness of misinformation warnings, categorizing them into four main groups: behavioral impact, trust and credulity, usability, and cognitive and psychological effects. Through this review, we identify critical challenges in measuring the effectiveness of misinformation warnings, including inconsistent use of cognitive and attitudinal metrics, the lack of standardized metrics for affective and emotional impact, variations in user trust, and the need for more inclusive warning designs. We present an overview of these metrics and propose areas for future research.
title Evaluation Metrics for Misinformation Warning Interventions: Challenges and Prospects
topic Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.09526