Spectra of contractions of the Gaussian Orthogonal Tensor Ensemble
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866915288704876544 |
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| author | Mukherjee, Soumendu Sundar Talukdar, Himasish |
| author_facet | Mukherjee, Soumendu Sundar Talukdar, Himasish |
| contents | In this article, we study the spectra of matrix-valued contractions of the Gaussian Orthogonal Tensor Ensemble (GOTE). Let $\mathcal{G}$ denote a random tensor of order $r$ and dimension $n$ drawn from the density \[
f(\mathcal{G}) \propto \exp\bigg(-\frac{1}{2r}\|\mathcal{G}\|^2_{\mathrm{F}}\bigg). \] For $\mathbf{w} \in \mathbb{S}^{n - 1}$, the unit-sphere in $\mathbb{R}^n$, we consider the matrix-valued contraction $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{w}^{\otimes (r - 2)}$ when both $r$ and $n$ go to infinity such that $r / n \to c \in [0, \infty]$. We obtain semi-circle bulk-limits in all regimes, generalising the works of Goulart et al. (2022); Au and Garza-Vargas (2023); Bonnin (2024) in the fixed-$r$ setting.
We also study the edge-spectrum. We obtain a Baik-Ben Arous-Péché phase-transition for the largest and the smallest eigenvalues at $r = 4$, generalising a result of Mukherjee et al. (2024) in the context of adjacency matrices of random hypergraphs. We also show that the extreme eigenvectors of $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{w}^{\otimes (r - 2)}$ contain non-trivial information about the contraction direction $\mathbf{w}$.
Finally, we report some results, in the case $r = 4$, on mixed contractions $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{u} \otimes \mathbf{v}$, $\mathbf{u}, \mathbf{v} \in \mathbb{S}^{n - 1}$. While the total variation distance between the joint distribution of the entries of $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{u} \otimes \mathbf{v}$ and that of $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{u} \otimes \mathbf{u}$ goes to $0$ when $\|\mathbf{u} - \mathbf{v}\| = o(n^{-1})$, the bulk and the largest eigenvalues of these two matrices have the same limit profile as long as $\|\mathbf{u} - \mathbf{v}\| = o(1)$. Furthermore, it turns out that there are no outlier eigenvalues in the spectrum of $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{u} \otimes \mathbf{v}$ when $\langle \mathbf{u}, \mathbf{v} \rangle = o(1)$. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_10555 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Spectra of contractions of the Gaussian Orthogonal Tensor Ensemble Mukherjee, Soumendu Sundar Talukdar, Himasish Probability In this article, we study the spectra of matrix-valued contractions of the Gaussian Orthogonal Tensor Ensemble (GOTE). Let $\mathcal{G}$ denote a random tensor of order $r$ and dimension $n$ drawn from the density \[ f(\mathcal{G}) \propto \exp\bigg(-\frac{1}{2r}\|\mathcal{G}\|^2_{\mathrm{F}}\bigg). \] For $\mathbf{w} \in \mathbb{S}^{n - 1}$, the unit-sphere in $\mathbb{R}^n$, we consider the matrix-valued contraction $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{w}^{\otimes (r - 2)}$ when both $r$ and $n$ go to infinity such that $r / n \to c \in [0, \infty]$. We obtain semi-circle bulk-limits in all regimes, generalising the works of Goulart et al. (2022); Au and Garza-Vargas (2023); Bonnin (2024) in the fixed-$r$ setting. We also study the edge-spectrum. We obtain a Baik-Ben Arous-Péché phase-transition for the largest and the smallest eigenvalues at $r = 4$, generalising a result of Mukherjee et al. (2024) in the context of adjacency matrices of random hypergraphs. We also show that the extreme eigenvectors of $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{w}^{\otimes (r - 2)}$ contain non-trivial information about the contraction direction $\mathbf{w}$. Finally, we report some results, in the case $r = 4$, on mixed contractions $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{u} \otimes \mathbf{v}$, $\mathbf{u}, \mathbf{v} \in \mathbb{S}^{n - 1}$. While the total variation distance between the joint distribution of the entries of $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{u} \otimes \mathbf{v}$ and that of $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{u} \otimes \mathbf{u}$ goes to $0$ when $\|\mathbf{u} - \mathbf{v}\| = o(n^{-1})$, the bulk and the largest eigenvalues of these two matrices have the same limit profile as long as $\|\mathbf{u} - \mathbf{v}\| = o(1)$. Furthermore, it turns out that there are no outlier eigenvalues in the spectrum of $\mathcal{G} \cdot \mathbf{u} \otimes \mathbf{v}$ when $\langle \mathbf{u}, \mathbf{v} \rangle = o(1)$. |
| title | Spectra of contractions of the Gaussian Orthogonal Tensor Ensemble |
| topic | Probability |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.10555 |