TCC-Bench: Benchmarking the Traditional Chinese Culture Understanding Capabilities of MLLMs

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Xu, Pengju, Wang, Yan, Zhang, Shuyuan, Zhou, Xuan, Li, Xin, Yuan, Yue, Li, Fengzhao, Zhou, Shunyuan, Wang, Xingyu, Zhang, Yi, Zhao, Haiying
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Xu, Pengju
Wang, Yan
Zhang, Shuyuan
Zhou, Xuan
Li, Xin
Yuan, Yue
Li, Fengzhao
Zhou, Shunyuan
Wang, Xingyu
Zhang, Yi
Zhao, Haiying
author_facet Xu, Pengju
Wang, Yan
Zhang, Shuyuan
Zhou, Xuan
Li, Xin
Yuan, Yue
Li, Fengzhao
Zhou, Shunyuan
Wang, Xingyu
Zhang, Yi
Zhao, Haiying
contents Recent progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly enhanced the ability of artificial intelligence systems to understand and generate multimodal content. However, these models often exhibit limited effectiveness when applied to non-Western cultural contexts, which raises concerns about their wider applicability. To address this limitation, we propose the Traditional Chinese Culture understanding Benchmark (TCC-Bench), a bilingual (i.e., Chinese and English) Visual Question Answering (VQA) benchmark specifically designed for assessing the understanding of traditional Chinese culture by MLLMs. TCC-Bench comprises culturally rich and visually diverse data, incorporating images from museum artifacts, everyday life scenes, comics, and other culturally significant contexts. We adopt a semi-automated pipeline that utilizes GPT-4o in text-only mode to generate candidate questions, followed by human curation to ensure data quality and avoid potential data leakage. The benchmark also avoids language bias by preventing direct disclosure of cultural concepts within question texts. Experimental evaluations across a wide range of MLLMs demonstrate that current models still face significant challenges when reasoning about culturally grounded visual content. The results highlight the need for further research in developing culturally inclusive and context-aware multimodal systems. The code and data can be found at: https://tcc-bench.github.io/.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_11275
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle TCC-Bench: Benchmarking the Traditional Chinese Culture Understanding Capabilities of MLLMs
Xu, Pengju
Wang, Yan
Zhang, Shuyuan
Zhou, Xuan
Li, Xin
Yuan, Yue
Li, Fengzhao
Zhou, Shunyuan
Wang, Xingyu
Zhang, Yi
Zhao, Haiying
Multimedia
Artificial Intelligence
Computers and Society
Recent progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly enhanced the ability of artificial intelligence systems to understand and generate multimodal content. However, these models often exhibit limited effectiveness when applied to non-Western cultural contexts, which raises concerns about their wider applicability. To address this limitation, we propose the Traditional Chinese Culture understanding Benchmark (TCC-Bench), a bilingual (i.e., Chinese and English) Visual Question Answering (VQA) benchmark specifically designed for assessing the understanding of traditional Chinese culture by MLLMs. TCC-Bench comprises culturally rich and visually diverse data, incorporating images from museum artifacts, everyday life scenes, comics, and other culturally significant contexts. We adopt a semi-automated pipeline that utilizes GPT-4o in text-only mode to generate candidate questions, followed by human curation to ensure data quality and avoid potential data leakage. The benchmark also avoids language bias by preventing direct disclosure of cultural concepts within question texts. Experimental evaluations across a wide range of MLLMs demonstrate that current models still face significant challenges when reasoning about culturally grounded visual content. The results highlight the need for further research in developing culturally inclusive and context-aware multimodal systems. The code and data can be found at: https://tcc-bench.github.io/.
title TCC-Bench: Benchmarking the Traditional Chinese Culture Understanding Capabilities of MLLMs
topic Multimedia
Artificial Intelligence
Computers and Society
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.11275