Breaking the Code: Multi-level Learning in the Eurovision Song Contest

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Amaral, Luís A. Nunes, Capozzi, Arthur, Helbing, Dirk
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Amaral, Luís A. Nunes
Capozzi, Arthur
Helbing, Dirk
author_facet Amaral, Luís A. Nunes
Capozzi, Arthur
Helbing, Dirk
contents Organizations learn from the market, political, and societal responses to their actions. While in some cases both the actions and responses take place in an open manner, in many others, some aspects may be hidden from external observers. The Eurovision Song Contest offers an interesting example to study organizational level learning at two levels: organizers and participants. We find evidence for changes in the rules of the Contest in response to undesired outcomes such as runaway winners. We also find strong evidence of participant learning in the characteristics of competing songs over the 70-years of the Contest. English has been adopted as the lingua franca of the competing songs and pop has become the standard genre. Number of words of lyrics has also grown in response to this collective learning. Remarkably, we find evidence that four participating countries have chosen to ignore the "lesson" that English lyrics increase winning probability. This choice is consistent with utility functions that award greater value to featuring national language than to winning the Contest. Indeed, we find evidence that some countries -- but not Germany -- appear to be less susceptible to "peer" pressure. These observations appear to be valid beyond Eurovision.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_11555
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Breaking the Code: Multi-level Learning in the Eurovision Song Contest
Amaral, Luís A. Nunes
Capozzi, Arthur
Helbing, Dirk
Physics and Society
Computers and Society
Organizations learn from the market, political, and societal responses to their actions. While in some cases both the actions and responses take place in an open manner, in many others, some aspects may be hidden from external observers. The Eurovision Song Contest offers an interesting example to study organizational level learning at two levels: organizers and participants. We find evidence for changes in the rules of the Contest in response to undesired outcomes such as runaway winners. We also find strong evidence of participant learning in the characteristics of competing songs over the 70-years of the Contest. English has been adopted as the lingua franca of the competing songs and pop has become the standard genre. Number of words of lyrics has also grown in response to this collective learning. Remarkably, we find evidence that four participating countries have chosen to ignore the "lesson" that English lyrics increase winning probability. This choice is consistent with utility functions that award greater value to featuring national language than to winning the Contest. Indeed, we find evidence that some countries -- but not Germany -- appear to be less susceptible to "peer" pressure. These observations appear to be valid beyond Eurovision.
title Breaking the Code: Multi-level Learning in the Eurovision Song Contest
topic Physics and Society
Computers and Society
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.11555