Theory of charge-to-spin conversion under quantum confinement
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866912706010808320 |
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| author | Maiellaro, Alfonso Romeo, Francesco Trama, Mattia Gaiardoni, Irene Settino, Jacopo Guarcello, Claudio Bergeal, Nicolas Bibes, Manuel Citro, Roberta |
| author_facet | Maiellaro, Alfonso Romeo, Francesco Trama, Mattia Gaiardoni, Irene Settino, Jacopo Guarcello, Claudio Bergeal, Nicolas Bibes, Manuel Citro, Roberta |
| contents | The interplay between spin and charge degrees of freedom in low-dimensional systems is a cornerstone of modern spintronics, where achieving all-electrical control of spin currents is a major goal. Spin-orbit interactions provide a promising mechanism for such control, yet understanding how spin and charge transport emerge from microscopic principles remains a fundamental challenge. Here we develop a spin-dependent scattering matrix approach to describe spin and charge transport in a multiterminal system in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction. Our framework generalizes the Büttiker formalism by offering explicit real-space expressions for spin and charge current densities, along with the corresponding linear response function. It simultaneously captures the effects of quantum confinement, the orbital response to external magnetic fields, and the intrinsic (geometric) properties of the electronic bands, offering a comprehensive description of the spin-charge interconversion mechanisms at play in a Hall bar, in agreement with experiments. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_12819 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Theory of charge-to-spin conversion under quantum confinement Maiellaro, Alfonso Romeo, Francesco Trama, Mattia Gaiardoni, Irene Settino, Jacopo Guarcello, Claudio Bergeal, Nicolas Bibes, Manuel Citro, Roberta Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science The interplay between spin and charge degrees of freedom in low-dimensional systems is a cornerstone of modern spintronics, where achieving all-electrical control of spin currents is a major goal. Spin-orbit interactions provide a promising mechanism for such control, yet understanding how spin and charge transport emerge from microscopic principles remains a fundamental challenge. Here we develop a spin-dependent scattering matrix approach to describe spin and charge transport in a multiterminal system in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction. Our framework generalizes the Büttiker formalism by offering explicit real-space expressions for spin and charge current densities, along with the corresponding linear response function. It simultaneously captures the effects of quantum confinement, the orbital response to external magnetic fields, and the intrinsic (geometric) properties of the electronic bands, offering a comprehensive description of the spin-charge interconversion mechanisms at play in a Hall bar, in agreement with experiments. |
| title | Theory of charge-to-spin conversion under quantum confinement |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.12819 |