ToolSpectrum : Towards Personalized Tool Utilization for Large Language Models

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Cheng, Zihao, Wang, Hongru, Liu, Zeming, Guo, Yuhang, Guo, Yuanfang, Wang, Yunhong, Wang, Haifeng
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Cheng, Zihao
Wang, Hongru
Liu, Zeming
Guo, Yuhang
Guo, Yuanfang
Wang, Yunhong
Wang, Haifeng
author_facet Cheng, Zihao
Wang, Hongru
Liu, Zeming
Guo, Yuhang
Guo, Yuanfang
Wang, Yunhong
Wang, Haifeng
contents While integrating external tools into large language models (LLMs) enhances their ability to access real-time information and domain-specific services, existing approaches focus narrowly on functional tool selection following user instructions, overlooking the context-aware personalization in tool selection. This oversight leads to suboptimal user satisfaction and inefficient tool utilization, particularly when overlapping toolsets require nuanced selection based on contextual factors. To bridge this gap, we introduce ToolSpectrum, a benchmark designed to evaluate LLMs' capabilities in personalized tool utilization. Specifically, we formalize two key dimensions of personalization, user profile and environmental factors, and analyze their individual and synergistic impacts on tool utilization. Through extensive experiments on ToolSpectrum, we demonstrate that personalized tool utilization significantly improves user experience across diverse scenarios. However, even state-of-the-art LLMs exhibit the limited ability to reason jointly about user profiles and environmental factors, often prioritizing one dimension at the expense of the other. Our findings underscore the necessity of context-aware personalization in tool-augmented LLMs and reveal critical limitations for current models. Our data and code are available at https://github.com/Chengziha0/ToolSpectrum.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_13176
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle ToolSpectrum : Towards Personalized Tool Utilization for Large Language Models
Cheng, Zihao
Wang, Hongru
Liu, Zeming
Guo, Yuhang
Guo, Yuanfang
Wang, Yunhong
Wang, Haifeng
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
While integrating external tools into large language models (LLMs) enhances their ability to access real-time information and domain-specific services, existing approaches focus narrowly on functional tool selection following user instructions, overlooking the context-aware personalization in tool selection. This oversight leads to suboptimal user satisfaction and inefficient tool utilization, particularly when overlapping toolsets require nuanced selection based on contextual factors. To bridge this gap, we introduce ToolSpectrum, a benchmark designed to evaluate LLMs' capabilities in personalized tool utilization. Specifically, we formalize two key dimensions of personalization, user profile and environmental factors, and analyze their individual and synergistic impacts on tool utilization. Through extensive experiments on ToolSpectrum, we demonstrate that personalized tool utilization significantly improves user experience across diverse scenarios. However, even state-of-the-art LLMs exhibit the limited ability to reason jointly about user profiles and environmental factors, often prioritizing one dimension at the expense of the other. Our findings underscore the necessity of context-aware personalization in tool-augmented LLMs and reveal critical limitations for current models. Our data and code are available at https://github.com/Chengziha0/ToolSpectrum.
title ToolSpectrum : Towards Personalized Tool Utilization for Large Language Models
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.13176