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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.13295 |
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| _version_ | 1866908439534370816 |
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| author | Liu, Pengyu Kenworthy, Matthew A. Biller, Beth A. Wallace, Alex Stolker, Tomas Haffert, Sebastiaan Ginski, Christian Mamajek, Eric E. Castro-Ginard, Alfred Meshkat, Tiffany Pecaut, Mark J. Reggiani, Maddalena Males, Jared R. Close, Laird M. Guyon, Olivier Doty, Isabella Van Gorkom, Kyle Hedglen, Alex Kautz, Maggie Kueny, Jay Liberman, Joshua Li, Jialin Long, Joseph D. Lumbres, Jennifer McEwen, Eden Pearce, Logan Roberts IV, Roswell R. Schatz, Lauren Twitchell, Katie |
| author_facet | Liu, Pengyu Kenworthy, Matthew A. Biller, Beth A. Wallace, Alex Stolker, Tomas Haffert, Sebastiaan Ginski, Christian Mamajek, Eric E. Castro-Ginard, Alfred Meshkat, Tiffany Pecaut, Mark J. Reggiani, Maddalena Males, Jared R. Close, Laird M. Guyon, Olivier Doty, Isabella Van Gorkom, Kyle Hedglen, Alex Kautz, Maggie Kueny, Jay Liberman, Joshua Li, Jialin Long, Joseph D. Lumbres, Jennifer McEwen, Eden Pearce, Logan Roberts IV, Roswell R. Schatz, Lauren Twitchell, Katie |
| contents | Directly imaged exoplanets in wide orbits challenge current gas giant formation theories. They need to form quickly and acquire enough material before the disk dissipates, which cannot be accommodated by in-situ formation by core accretion. We search for wide separation ($>$ 100 au) planetary-mass companions with the Young Suns Exoplanet Survey (YSES). Here, we present a planetary-mass candidate companion discovered in the survey. We conducted follow-up observations of the candidate system after the first epoch observations and obtained six epochs of observations for this system between 2018 and 2024, and integral field spectroscopy of the stellar component. We report the detection of a candidate companion with H=22.04 $\pm$ 0.13 mag at a projected separation of 730 $\pm$ 10 au away from the primary star. High angular resolution imaging observations of the central star show it is a visual binary. Acceleration data, orbital fitting, spectral energy distribution fitting and radial velocity differences all suggest that there is at least one more unresolved low-mass stellar companion in this system. The planetary-mass candidate shows a significant proper motion comparable to that of the primary star. We estimate an age of 19-28 Myr for the primary star. We cannot confirm the companionship of the candidate due to the unknown barycentre of the stars. Long-term imaging and radial velocity monitoring of the central stars, along with spectroscopy of the candidate companion, are key to resolving the nature of this system. If confirmed, the candidate companion would have a mass of 3-5 Mj estimated with the ATMO evolutionary model. It would be another cold low-mass planet imaged similar to 51 Eri b and AF Lep b. Its extremely wide separation from the host star would challenge the formation theory of gas giant exoplanets. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_13295 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A planetary-mass candidate imaged in the Young Suns Exoplanet Survey Liu, Pengyu Kenworthy, Matthew A. Biller, Beth A. Wallace, Alex Stolker, Tomas Haffert, Sebastiaan Ginski, Christian Mamajek, Eric E. Castro-Ginard, Alfred Meshkat, Tiffany Pecaut, Mark J. Reggiani, Maddalena Males, Jared R. Close, Laird M. Guyon, Olivier Doty, Isabella Van Gorkom, Kyle Hedglen, Alex Kautz, Maggie Kueny, Jay Liberman, Joshua Li, Jialin Long, Joseph D. Lumbres, Jennifer McEwen, Eden Pearce, Logan Roberts IV, Roswell R. Schatz, Lauren Twitchell, Katie Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Directly imaged exoplanets in wide orbits challenge current gas giant formation theories. They need to form quickly and acquire enough material before the disk dissipates, which cannot be accommodated by in-situ formation by core accretion. We search for wide separation ($>$ 100 au) planetary-mass companions with the Young Suns Exoplanet Survey (YSES). Here, we present a planetary-mass candidate companion discovered in the survey. We conducted follow-up observations of the candidate system after the first epoch observations and obtained six epochs of observations for this system between 2018 and 2024, and integral field spectroscopy of the stellar component. We report the detection of a candidate companion with H=22.04 $\pm$ 0.13 mag at a projected separation of 730 $\pm$ 10 au away from the primary star. High angular resolution imaging observations of the central star show it is a visual binary. Acceleration data, orbital fitting, spectral energy distribution fitting and radial velocity differences all suggest that there is at least one more unresolved low-mass stellar companion in this system. The planetary-mass candidate shows a significant proper motion comparable to that of the primary star. We estimate an age of 19-28 Myr for the primary star. We cannot confirm the companionship of the candidate due to the unknown barycentre of the stars. Long-term imaging and radial velocity monitoring of the central stars, along with spectroscopy of the candidate companion, are key to resolving the nature of this system. If confirmed, the candidate companion would have a mass of 3-5 Mj estimated with the ATMO evolutionary model. It would be another cold low-mass planet imaged similar to 51 Eri b and AF Lep b. Its extremely wide separation from the host star would challenge the formation theory of gas giant exoplanets. |
| title | A planetary-mass candidate imaged in the Young Suns Exoplanet Survey |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.13295 |