_version_ 1866908439534370816
author Liu, Pengyu
Kenworthy, Matthew A.
Biller, Beth A.
Wallace, Alex
Stolker, Tomas
Haffert, Sebastiaan
Ginski, Christian
Mamajek, Eric E.
Castro-Ginard, Alfred
Meshkat, Tiffany
Pecaut, Mark J.
Reggiani, Maddalena
Males, Jared R.
Close, Laird M.
Guyon, Olivier
Doty, Isabella
Van Gorkom, Kyle
Hedglen, Alex
Kautz, Maggie
Kueny, Jay
Liberman, Joshua
Li, Jialin
Long, Joseph D.
Lumbres, Jennifer
McEwen, Eden
Pearce, Logan
Roberts IV, Roswell R.
Schatz, Lauren
Twitchell, Katie
author_facet Liu, Pengyu
Kenworthy, Matthew A.
Biller, Beth A.
Wallace, Alex
Stolker, Tomas
Haffert, Sebastiaan
Ginski, Christian
Mamajek, Eric E.
Castro-Ginard, Alfred
Meshkat, Tiffany
Pecaut, Mark J.
Reggiani, Maddalena
Males, Jared R.
Close, Laird M.
Guyon, Olivier
Doty, Isabella
Van Gorkom, Kyle
Hedglen, Alex
Kautz, Maggie
Kueny, Jay
Liberman, Joshua
Li, Jialin
Long, Joseph D.
Lumbres, Jennifer
McEwen, Eden
Pearce, Logan
Roberts IV, Roswell R.
Schatz, Lauren
Twitchell, Katie
contents Directly imaged exoplanets in wide orbits challenge current gas giant formation theories. They need to form quickly and acquire enough material before the disk dissipates, which cannot be accommodated by in-situ formation by core accretion. We search for wide separation ($>$ 100 au) planetary-mass companions with the Young Suns Exoplanet Survey (YSES). Here, we present a planetary-mass candidate companion discovered in the survey. We conducted follow-up observations of the candidate system after the first epoch observations and obtained six epochs of observations for this system between 2018 and 2024, and integral field spectroscopy of the stellar component. We report the detection of a candidate companion with H=22.04 $\pm$ 0.13 mag at a projected separation of 730 $\pm$ 10 au away from the primary star. High angular resolution imaging observations of the central star show it is a visual binary. Acceleration data, orbital fitting, spectral energy distribution fitting and radial velocity differences all suggest that there is at least one more unresolved low-mass stellar companion in this system. The planetary-mass candidate shows a significant proper motion comparable to that of the primary star. We estimate an age of 19-28 Myr for the primary star. We cannot confirm the companionship of the candidate due to the unknown barycentre of the stars. Long-term imaging and radial velocity monitoring of the central stars, along with spectroscopy of the candidate companion, are key to resolving the nature of this system. If confirmed, the candidate companion would have a mass of 3-5 Mj estimated with the ATMO evolutionary model. It would be another cold low-mass planet imaged similar to 51 Eri b and AF Lep b. Its extremely wide separation from the host star would challenge the formation theory of gas giant exoplanets.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_13295
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle A planetary-mass candidate imaged in the Young Suns Exoplanet Survey
Liu, Pengyu
Kenworthy, Matthew A.
Biller, Beth A.
Wallace, Alex
Stolker, Tomas
Haffert, Sebastiaan
Ginski, Christian
Mamajek, Eric E.
Castro-Ginard, Alfred
Meshkat, Tiffany
Pecaut, Mark J.
Reggiani, Maddalena
Males, Jared R.
Close, Laird M.
Guyon, Olivier
Doty, Isabella
Van Gorkom, Kyle
Hedglen, Alex
Kautz, Maggie
Kueny, Jay
Liberman, Joshua
Li, Jialin
Long, Joseph D.
Lumbres, Jennifer
McEwen, Eden
Pearce, Logan
Roberts IV, Roswell R.
Schatz, Lauren
Twitchell, Katie
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Directly imaged exoplanets in wide orbits challenge current gas giant formation theories. They need to form quickly and acquire enough material before the disk dissipates, which cannot be accommodated by in-situ formation by core accretion. We search for wide separation ($>$ 100 au) planetary-mass companions with the Young Suns Exoplanet Survey (YSES). Here, we present a planetary-mass candidate companion discovered in the survey. We conducted follow-up observations of the candidate system after the first epoch observations and obtained six epochs of observations for this system between 2018 and 2024, and integral field spectroscopy of the stellar component. We report the detection of a candidate companion with H=22.04 $\pm$ 0.13 mag at a projected separation of 730 $\pm$ 10 au away from the primary star. High angular resolution imaging observations of the central star show it is a visual binary. Acceleration data, orbital fitting, spectral energy distribution fitting and radial velocity differences all suggest that there is at least one more unresolved low-mass stellar companion in this system. The planetary-mass candidate shows a significant proper motion comparable to that of the primary star. We estimate an age of 19-28 Myr for the primary star. We cannot confirm the companionship of the candidate due to the unknown barycentre of the stars. Long-term imaging and radial velocity monitoring of the central stars, along with spectroscopy of the candidate companion, are key to resolving the nature of this system. If confirmed, the candidate companion would have a mass of 3-5 Mj estimated with the ATMO evolutionary model. It would be another cold low-mass planet imaged similar to 51 Eri b and AF Lep b. Its extremely wide separation from the host star would challenge the formation theory of gas giant exoplanets.
title A planetary-mass candidate imaged in the Young Suns Exoplanet Survey
topic Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.13295