Minimum-Excess-Work Guidance

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Kolloff, Christopher, Höppe, Tobias, Angelis, Emmanouil, Schreiner, Mathias Jacob, Bauer, Stefan, Dittadi, Andrea, Olsson, Simon
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Kolloff, Christopher
Höppe, Tobias
Angelis, Emmanouil
Schreiner, Mathias Jacob
Bauer, Stefan
Dittadi, Andrea
Olsson, Simon
author_facet Kolloff, Christopher
Höppe, Tobias
Angelis, Emmanouil
Schreiner, Mathias Jacob
Bauer, Stefan
Dittadi, Andrea
Olsson, Simon
contents We propose a regularization framework inspired by thermodynamic work for guiding pre-trained probability flow generative models (e.g., continuous normalizing flows or diffusion models) by minimizing excess work, a concept rooted in statistical mechanics and with strong conceptual connections to optimal transport. Our approach enables efficient guidance in sparse-data regimes common to scientific applications, where only limited target samples or partial density constraints are available. We introduce two strategies: Path Guidance for sampling rare transition states by concentrating probability mass on user-defined subsets, and Observable Guidance for aligning generated distributions with experimental observables while preserving entropy. We demonstrate the framework's versatility on a coarse-grained protein model, guiding it to sample transition configurations between folded/unfolded states and correct systematic biases using experimental data. The method bridges thermodynamic principles with modern generative architectures, offering a principled, efficient, and physics-inspired alternative to standard fine-tuning in data-scarce domains. Empirical results highlight improved sample efficiency and bias reduction, underscoring its applicability to molecular simulations and beyond.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_13375
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Minimum-Excess-Work Guidance
Kolloff, Christopher
Höppe, Tobias
Angelis, Emmanouil
Schreiner, Mathias Jacob
Bauer, Stefan
Dittadi, Andrea
Olsson, Simon
Machine Learning
We propose a regularization framework inspired by thermodynamic work for guiding pre-trained probability flow generative models (e.g., continuous normalizing flows or diffusion models) by minimizing excess work, a concept rooted in statistical mechanics and with strong conceptual connections to optimal transport. Our approach enables efficient guidance in sparse-data regimes common to scientific applications, where only limited target samples or partial density constraints are available. We introduce two strategies: Path Guidance for sampling rare transition states by concentrating probability mass on user-defined subsets, and Observable Guidance for aligning generated distributions with experimental observables while preserving entropy. We demonstrate the framework's versatility on a coarse-grained protein model, guiding it to sample transition configurations between folded/unfolded states and correct systematic biases using experimental data. The method bridges thermodynamic principles with modern generative architectures, offering a principled, efficient, and physics-inspired alternative to standard fine-tuning in data-scarce domains. Empirical results highlight improved sample efficiency and bias reduction, underscoring its applicability to molecular simulations and beyond.
title Minimum-Excess-Work Guidance
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.13375