A new scale anomaly in Dirac matter
Fuente:
arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866914274116370432 |
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| author | Baggioli, Matteo Chernodub, Maxim N. Landsteiner, Karl Principi, Alessandro Vozmediano, María A. H. |
| author_facet | Baggioli, Matteo Chernodub, Maxim N. Landsteiner, Karl Principi, Alessandro Vozmediano, María A. H. |
| contents | The dynamics of Dirac semimetals is modeled at low energies by the massless Dirac Hamiltonian with the Fermi velocity replacing the velocity of light. The classical action is scale invariant. In 3D materials, Coulomb interactions induce a conformal anomaly associated to the charge renormalization already known in quantum field theory. In this work, we describe a new conformal anomaly induced by the running of the Fermi velocity that applies to Dirac semimetals in two and three dimensions. The case of graphene is particularly interesting. We analyze the anomaly and explore its thermodynamic and hydrodynamic consequences. The anomaly modifies the propagation speed of hydrodynamic sound waves, alters the thermodynamic equation of state, and induces a non-vanishing bulk viscosity proportional to the beta function of the Fermi velocity. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_13712 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A new scale anomaly in Dirac matter Baggioli, Matteo Chernodub, Maxim N. Landsteiner, Karl Principi, Alessandro Vozmediano, María A. H. High Energy Physics - Theory Other Condensed Matter The dynamics of Dirac semimetals is modeled at low energies by the massless Dirac Hamiltonian with the Fermi velocity replacing the velocity of light. The classical action is scale invariant. In 3D materials, Coulomb interactions induce a conformal anomaly associated to the charge renormalization already known in quantum field theory. In this work, we describe a new conformal anomaly induced by the running of the Fermi velocity that applies to Dirac semimetals in two and three dimensions. The case of graphene is particularly interesting. We analyze the anomaly and explore its thermodynamic and hydrodynamic consequences. The anomaly modifies the propagation speed of hydrodynamic sound waves, alters the thermodynamic equation of state, and induces a non-vanishing bulk viscosity proportional to the beta function of the Fermi velocity. |
| title | A new scale anomaly in Dirac matter |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Theory Other Condensed Matter |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.13712 |