Benchmarking data encoding methods in Quantum Machine Learning

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Zang, Orlane, Barrué, Grégoire, Quertier, Tony
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Zang, Orlane
Barrué, Grégoire
Quertier, Tony
author_facet Zang, Orlane
Barrué, Grégoire
Quertier, Tony
contents Data encoding plays a fundamental and distinctive role in Quantum Machine Learning (QML). While classical approaches process data directly as vectors, QML may require transforming classical data into quantum states through encoding circuits, known as quantum feature maps or quantum embeddings. This step leverages the inherently high-dimensional and non-linear nature of Hilbert space, enabling more efficient data separation in complex feature spaces that may be inaccessible to classical methods. This encoding part significantly affects the performance of the QML model, so it is important to choose the right encoding method for the dataset to be encoded. However, this choice is generally arbitrary, since there is no "universal" rule for knowing which encoding to choose based on a specific set of data. There are currently a variety of encoding methods using different quantum logic gates. We studied the most commonly used types of encoding methods and benchmarked them using different datasets.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_14295
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Benchmarking data encoding methods in Quantum Machine Learning
Zang, Orlane
Barrué, Grégoire
Quertier, Tony
Quantum Physics
Artificial Intelligence
Data encoding plays a fundamental and distinctive role in Quantum Machine Learning (QML). While classical approaches process data directly as vectors, QML may require transforming classical data into quantum states through encoding circuits, known as quantum feature maps or quantum embeddings. This step leverages the inherently high-dimensional and non-linear nature of Hilbert space, enabling more efficient data separation in complex feature spaces that may be inaccessible to classical methods. This encoding part significantly affects the performance of the QML model, so it is important to choose the right encoding method for the dataset to be encoded. However, this choice is generally arbitrary, since there is no "universal" rule for knowing which encoding to choose based on a specific set of data. There are currently a variety of encoding methods using different quantum logic gates. We studied the most commonly used types of encoding methods and benchmarked them using different datasets.
title Benchmarking data encoding methods in Quantum Machine Learning
topic Quantum Physics
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.14295