Skyrmion stacking in stray field-coupled ultrathin ferromagnetic multilayers
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Dubicki, N. J. Slastikov, V. V. Bernand-Mantel, A. Muratov, C. B. |
| author_facet | Dubicki, N. J. Slastikov, V. V. Bernand-Mantel, A. Muratov, C. B. |
| contents | This paper explores the energy landscape of ferromagnetic multilayer
heterostructures that feature magnetic skyrmions -- tiny whirls of
spins with non-trivial topology -- in each magnetic layer. Such
magnetic heterostructures have been recently pursued as possible
hosts of room temperature stable magnetic skyrmions suitable for the
next generation of low power information technologies and
unconventional computing. The presence of stacked skyrmions in the
adjacent layers gives rise to a strongly coupled nonlinear system,
whereby the induced magnetic field plays a crucial stabilizing
role. Starting with the micromagnetic modeling framework, we derive
a general reduced energy functional for a fixed number of ultrathin
ferromagnetic layers with perpendicular magnetocrystalline
anisotropy. We next investigate this energy functional in the regime
in which the energy is dominated by the intralayer exchange
interaction and formally obtain a finite-dimensional description
governed by the energy of a system of one skyrmion per layer as a
function of the position, radius and the rotation angle of each of
theses skyrmions. For the latter, we prove that energy minimizers
exist for all fixed skyrmion locations. We then focus on the
simplest case of stray field-coupled ferromagnetic bilayers and
completely characterize the energy minimizers. We show that the
global energy minimizers exist and consist of two stray
field-stabilized Néel skyrmions with antiparallel in-plane
magnetization components. We also calculate the energy of two
skyrmions of equal radius as a function of their separation
distance. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_14649 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Skyrmion stacking in stray field-coupled ultrathin ferromagnetic multilayers Dubicki, N. J. Slastikov, V. V. Bernand-Mantel, A. Muratov, C. B. Analysis of PDEs Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Mathematical Physics Pattern Formation and Solitons This paper explores the energy landscape of ferromagnetic multilayer heterostructures that feature magnetic skyrmions -- tiny whirls of spins with non-trivial topology -- in each magnetic layer. Such magnetic heterostructures have been recently pursued as possible hosts of room temperature stable magnetic skyrmions suitable for the next generation of low power information technologies and unconventional computing. The presence of stacked skyrmions in the adjacent layers gives rise to a strongly coupled nonlinear system, whereby the induced magnetic field plays a crucial stabilizing role. Starting with the micromagnetic modeling framework, we derive a general reduced energy functional for a fixed number of ultrathin ferromagnetic layers with perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy. We next investigate this energy functional in the regime in which the energy is dominated by the intralayer exchange interaction and formally obtain a finite-dimensional description governed by the energy of a system of one skyrmion per layer as a function of the position, radius and the rotation angle of each of theses skyrmions. For the latter, we prove that energy minimizers exist for all fixed skyrmion locations. We then focus on the simplest case of stray field-coupled ferromagnetic bilayers and completely characterize the energy minimizers. We show that the global energy minimizers exist and consist of two stray field-stabilized Néel skyrmions with antiparallel in-plane magnetization components. We also calculate the energy of two skyrmions of equal radius as a function of their separation distance. |
| title | Skyrmion stacking in stray field-coupled ultrathin ferromagnetic multilayers |
| topic | Analysis of PDEs Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Mathematical Physics Pattern Formation and Solitons |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.14649 |