The alternating 'changing-look' blazar OQ 334 (B2 1420+32): New observational clues to the blazar state transitions

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Autori principali: Chand, Krishan, Gopal-Krishna
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Chand, Krishan
Gopal-Krishna
author_facet Chand, Krishan
Gopal-Krishna
contents The high-luminosity blazar OQ 334 is a leading exponent of the intriguing rare phenomenon of alternating between a flat-spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) and a BL Lac (BLL) states. Its two optical continuum outbursts observed during the $\sim$ 1.5-year long time span, starting Jan 2018, had been shown to coincide with transition from the FSRQ to BLL state, manifested by a sharp drop in the equivalent width of MgII broad emission-line. Recently, a continuous monitoring of its blazar state, over a much longer duration (past $\sim$ 5 years) has become possible by deploying the observed $γ-ray$ spectral slope ($Γ_γ$) as a diagnostic. This opens prospects of making a much less biased and statistically more robust check on the association of optical flaring with FSRQ $\rightarrow$ BLL transition. We find that all 4 such transitions ($Γ_γ$ becoming < 2.0), observed during the past $\sim$ 5 years, were accompanied by an optical flare. While this appears consistent with the transition to BL Lac state happening purely due to an enhanced optical continuum (flaring) swamping out the broad emission-lines, this simple scheme may need additional ingredients, considering the hint found for a day-like offset between the flaring and the state transition.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_15900
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The alternating 'changing-look' blazar OQ 334 (B2 1420+32): New observational clues to the blazar state transitions
Chand, Krishan
Gopal-Krishna
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Astrophysics of Galaxies
The high-luminosity blazar OQ 334 is a leading exponent of the intriguing rare phenomenon of alternating between a flat-spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) and a BL Lac (BLL) states. Its two optical continuum outbursts observed during the $\sim$ 1.5-year long time span, starting Jan 2018, had been shown to coincide with transition from the FSRQ to BLL state, manifested by a sharp drop in the equivalent width of MgII broad emission-line. Recently, a continuous monitoring of its blazar state, over a much longer duration (past $\sim$ 5 years) has become possible by deploying the observed $γ-ray$ spectral slope ($Γ_γ$) as a diagnostic. This opens prospects of making a much less biased and statistically more robust check on the association of optical flaring with FSRQ $\rightarrow$ BLL transition. We find that all 4 such transitions ($Γ_γ$ becoming < 2.0), observed during the past $\sim$ 5 years, were accompanied by an optical flare. While this appears consistent with the transition to BL Lac state happening purely due to an enhanced optical continuum (flaring) swamping out the broad emission-lines, this simple scheme may need additional ingredients, considering the hint found for a day-like offset between the flaring and the state transition.
title The alternating 'changing-look' blazar OQ 334 (B2 1420+32): New observational clues to the blazar state transitions
topic High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.15900