Psychology-driven LLM Agents for Explainable Panic Prediction on Social Media during Sudden Disaster Events

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Liu, Mengzhu, Zhu, Zhengqiu, Ai, Chuan, Gao, Chen, Li, Xinghong, He, Lingnan, Lai, Kaisheng, Chen, Yingfeng, Lu, Xin, Li, Yong, Yin, Quanjun
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Liu, Mengzhu
Zhu, Zhengqiu
Ai, Chuan
Gao, Chen
Li, Xinghong
He, Lingnan
Lai, Kaisheng
Chen, Yingfeng
Lu, Xin
Li, Yong
Yin, Quanjun
author_facet Liu, Mengzhu
Zhu, Zhengqiu
Ai, Chuan
Gao, Chen
Li, Xinghong
He, Lingnan
Lai, Kaisheng
Chen, Yingfeng
Lu, Xin
Li, Yong
Yin, Quanjun
contents During sudden disaster events, accurately predicting public panic sentiment on social media is crucial for proactive governance and crisis management. Current efforts on this problem face three main challenges: lack of finely annotated data hinders emotion prediction studies, unmodeled risk perception causes prediction inaccuracies, and insufficient interpretability of panic formation mechanisms. We address these issues by proposing a Psychology-driven generative Agent framework (PsychoAgent) for explainable panic prediction based on emotion arousal theory. Specifically, we first construct a fine-grained open panic emotion dataset (namely COPE) via human-large language models (LLMs) collaboration to mitigate semantic bias. Then, we develop a framework integrating cross-domain heterogeneous data grounded in psychological mechanisms to model risk perception and cognitive differences in emotion generation. To enhance interpretability, we design an LLM-based role-playing agent that simulates individual psychological chains through dedicatedly designed prompts. Experimental results on our annotated dataset show that PsychoAgent improves panic emotion prediction performance by 12.6% to 21.7% compared to baseline models. Furthermore, the explainability and generalization of our approach is validated. Crucially, this represents a paradigm shift from opaque "data-driven fitting" to transparent "role-based simulation with mechanistic interpretation" for panic emotion prediction during emergencies. Our implementation is publicly available at: https://anonymous.4open.science/r/PsychoAgent-19DD.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_16455
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Psychology-driven LLM Agents for Explainable Panic Prediction on Social Media during Sudden Disaster Events
Liu, Mengzhu
Zhu, Zhengqiu
Ai, Chuan
Gao, Chen
Li, Xinghong
He, Lingnan
Lai, Kaisheng
Chen, Yingfeng
Lu, Xin
Li, Yong
Yin, Quanjun
Artificial Intelligence
Computers and Society
During sudden disaster events, accurately predicting public panic sentiment on social media is crucial for proactive governance and crisis management. Current efforts on this problem face three main challenges: lack of finely annotated data hinders emotion prediction studies, unmodeled risk perception causes prediction inaccuracies, and insufficient interpretability of panic formation mechanisms. We address these issues by proposing a Psychology-driven generative Agent framework (PsychoAgent) for explainable panic prediction based on emotion arousal theory. Specifically, we first construct a fine-grained open panic emotion dataset (namely COPE) via human-large language models (LLMs) collaboration to mitigate semantic bias. Then, we develop a framework integrating cross-domain heterogeneous data grounded in psychological mechanisms to model risk perception and cognitive differences in emotion generation. To enhance interpretability, we design an LLM-based role-playing agent that simulates individual psychological chains through dedicatedly designed prompts. Experimental results on our annotated dataset show that PsychoAgent improves panic emotion prediction performance by 12.6% to 21.7% compared to baseline models. Furthermore, the explainability and generalization of our approach is validated. Crucially, this represents a paradigm shift from opaque "data-driven fitting" to transparent "role-based simulation with mechanistic interpretation" for panic emotion prediction during emergencies. Our implementation is publicly available at: https://anonymous.4open.science/r/PsychoAgent-19DD.
title Psychology-driven LLM Agents for Explainable Panic Prediction on Social Media during Sudden Disaster Events
topic Artificial Intelligence
Computers and Society
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.16455