Rotation angles of a rotating disc -- A toy model exhibiting the geometric phase --

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Matsumoto, Takuya, Takada, Hiroki, Yasukura, Osami
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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_version_ 1866910270959386624
author Matsumoto, Takuya
Takada, Hiroki
Yasukura, Osami
author_facet Matsumoto, Takuya
Takada, Hiroki
Yasukura, Osami
contents In this paper, we consider a simple kinematic model, which is a rotating disc on the edge of another fixed disc without slipping, and study the rotation angle of the rotating disc. The rotation angle consists of two parts, the dynamical phase $Δ_d$ and the geometric phase $Δ_g$. The former is a dynamical rotation of the disc itself, and the geometric motion of the disc characterizes the latter. In fact, $Δ_g$ is regarded as the geometric phase appearing in several important contexts in physics. The clue to finding the explicit form of $Δ_g$ is the Baumkuchen lemma, which we called. Due to the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, in the case that the rotating disc comes back to the initial position, $Δ_g$ is interpreted as the signed area of a two-sphere enclosed by the trajectory of the Gauss vector, which is a unit normal vector on the moving disc. We also comment on typical models sharing the common underlying structure, which include Foucault's pendulum, Dirac's monopole potentials, and Berry phase. Hence, our model is a very simple but distinguished one in the sense that it embodies the essential concepts in differential geometry and theoretical physics such as the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, the geometric phase, and the fiber bundles.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_16749
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Rotation angles of a rotating disc -- A toy model exhibiting the geometric phase --
Matsumoto, Takuya
Takada, Hiroki
Yasukura, Osami
Mathematical Physics
High Energy Physics - Theory
Differential Geometry
Applied Physics
Quantum Physics
In this paper, we consider a simple kinematic model, which is a rotating disc on the edge of another fixed disc without slipping, and study the rotation angle of the rotating disc. The rotation angle consists of two parts, the dynamical phase $Δ_d$ and the geometric phase $Δ_g$. The former is a dynamical rotation of the disc itself, and the geometric motion of the disc characterizes the latter. In fact, $Δ_g$ is regarded as the geometric phase appearing in several important contexts in physics. The clue to finding the explicit form of $Δ_g$ is the Baumkuchen lemma, which we called. Due to the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, in the case that the rotating disc comes back to the initial position, $Δ_g$ is interpreted as the signed area of a two-sphere enclosed by the trajectory of the Gauss vector, which is a unit normal vector on the moving disc. We also comment on typical models sharing the common underlying structure, which include Foucault's pendulum, Dirac's monopole potentials, and Berry phase. Hence, our model is a very simple but distinguished one in the sense that it embodies the essential concepts in differential geometry and theoretical physics such as the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, the geometric phase, and the fiber bundles.
title Rotation angles of a rotating disc -- A toy model exhibiting the geometric phase --
topic Mathematical Physics
High Energy Physics - Theory
Differential Geometry
Applied Physics
Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.16749