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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.16867 |
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| _version_ | 1866916752571498496 |
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| author | Makrygianni, Lydia Arcavi, Iair Newsome, Megan Bandopadhyay, Ananya Coughlin, Eric R. Linial, Itai Mockler, Brenna Quataert, Eliot Nixon, Chris Godson, Benjamin Pursiainen, Miika Leloudas, Giorgos French, K. Decker Zitrin, Adi Faris, Sara Lam, Marco C. Horesh, Assaf Sfaradi, Itai Fausnaugh, Michael Nakar, Ehud Ackley, Kendall Andrews, Moira Charalampopoulos, Panos Davies, Benjamin D. R. Dgany, Yael Dyer, Martin J. Farah, Joseph Fender, Rob Green, David A. Howell, D. Andrew Killestein, Thomas Koivisto, Niilo Lyman, Joseph McCully, Curtis Mitchell, Morgan A. Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla Rhodes, Lauren Sahu, Anwesha Terreran, Giacomo Warwick, Ben |
| author_facet | Makrygianni, Lydia Arcavi, Iair Newsome, Megan Bandopadhyay, Ananya Coughlin, Eric R. Linial, Itai Mockler, Brenna Quataert, Eliot Nixon, Chris Godson, Benjamin Pursiainen, Miika Leloudas, Giorgos French, K. Decker Zitrin, Adi Faris, Sara Lam, Marco C. Horesh, Assaf Sfaradi, Itai Fausnaugh, Michael Nakar, Ehud Ackley, Kendall Andrews, Moira Charalampopoulos, Panos Davies, Benjamin D. R. Dgany, Yael Dyer, Martin J. Farah, Joseph Fender, Rob Green, David A. Howell, D. Andrew Killestein, Thomas Koivisto, Niilo Lyman, Joseph McCully, Curtis Mitchell, Morgan A. Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla Rhodes, Lauren Sahu, Anwesha Terreran, Giacomo Warwick, Ben |
| contents | Flares produced following the tidal disruption of stars by supermassive black holes can reveal the properties of the otherwise dormant majority of black holes and the physics of accretion. In the past decade, a class of optical-ultraviolet tidal disruption flares has been discovered whose emission properties do not match theoretical predictions. This has led to extensive efforts to model the dynamics and emission mechanisms of optical-ultraviolet tidal disruptions in order to establish them as probes of supermassive black holes. Here we present the optical-ultraviolet tidal disruption event AT 2022dbl, which showed a nearly identical repetition 700 days after the first flare. Ruling out gravitational lensing and two chance unrelated disruptions, we conclude that at least the first flare represents the partial disruption of a star, possibly captured through the Hills mechanism. Since both flares are typical of the optical-ultraviolet class of tidal disruptions in terms of their radiated energy, temperature, luminosity, and spectral features, it follows that either the entire class are partial rather than full stellar disruptions, contrary to the prevalent assumption, or that some members of the class are partial disruptions, having nearly the same observational characteristics as full disruptions. Whichever option is true, these findings could require revised models for the emission mechanisms of optical-ultraviolet tidal disruption flares and a reassessment of their expected rates. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_16867 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Double Tidal Disruption Event AT 2022dbl Implies That at Least Some "Standard" Optical TDEs are Partial Disruptions Makrygianni, Lydia Arcavi, Iair Newsome, Megan Bandopadhyay, Ananya Coughlin, Eric R. Linial, Itai Mockler, Brenna Quataert, Eliot Nixon, Chris Godson, Benjamin Pursiainen, Miika Leloudas, Giorgos French, K. Decker Zitrin, Adi Faris, Sara Lam, Marco C. Horesh, Assaf Sfaradi, Itai Fausnaugh, Michael Nakar, Ehud Ackley, Kendall Andrews, Moira Charalampopoulos, Panos Davies, Benjamin D. R. Dgany, Yael Dyer, Martin J. Farah, Joseph Fender, Rob Green, David A. Howell, D. Andrew Killestein, Thomas Koivisto, Niilo Lyman, Joseph McCully, Curtis Mitchell, Morgan A. Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla Rhodes, Lauren Sahu, Anwesha Terreran, Giacomo Warwick, Ben High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Flares produced following the tidal disruption of stars by supermassive black holes can reveal the properties of the otherwise dormant majority of black holes and the physics of accretion. In the past decade, a class of optical-ultraviolet tidal disruption flares has been discovered whose emission properties do not match theoretical predictions. This has led to extensive efforts to model the dynamics and emission mechanisms of optical-ultraviolet tidal disruptions in order to establish them as probes of supermassive black holes. Here we present the optical-ultraviolet tidal disruption event AT 2022dbl, which showed a nearly identical repetition 700 days after the first flare. Ruling out gravitational lensing and two chance unrelated disruptions, we conclude that at least the first flare represents the partial disruption of a star, possibly captured through the Hills mechanism. Since both flares are typical of the optical-ultraviolet class of tidal disruptions in terms of their radiated energy, temperature, luminosity, and spectral features, it follows that either the entire class are partial rather than full stellar disruptions, contrary to the prevalent assumption, or that some members of the class are partial disruptions, having nearly the same observational characteristics as full disruptions. Whichever option is true, these findings could require revised models for the emission mechanisms of optical-ultraviolet tidal disruption flares and a reassessment of their expected rates. |
| title | The Double Tidal Disruption Event AT 2022dbl Implies That at Least Some "Standard" Optical TDEs are Partial Disruptions |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.16867 |