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Main Authors: Tang, Luoxi, Sundar, Tharunya, Meng, Yuqiao, Yang, Shuai, Patra, Ankita, Chippada, Lakshmi Manohar, Zhao, Jiqian, Li, Yi, Ma, Weicheng, Xi, Zhaohan
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.17056
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author Tang, Luoxi
Sundar, Tharunya
Meng, Yuqiao
Yang, Shuai
Patra, Ankita
Chippada, Lakshmi Manohar
Zhao, Jiqian
Li, Yi
Ma, Weicheng
Xi, Zhaohan
author_facet Tang, Luoxi
Sundar, Tharunya
Meng, Yuqiao
Yang, Shuai
Patra, Ankita
Chippada, Lakshmi Manohar
Zhao, Jiqian
Li, Yi
Ma, Weicheng
Xi, Zhaohan
contents As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into educational tools, current evaluations on standardized tests predominantly focus on binary outcome accuracy. Instead, an effective AI tutor must exhibit faithful reasoning, elucidate solution strategies, and diagnose specific human misconceptions. To bridge this gap, we introduce a pedagogical diagnostic framework that models English Standardized Test (EST) problem-solving as a traversal through a cognitive framework. Based on this framework, we present ESTBook, a multimodal benchmark encompassing 10,576 questions and 29 task types across five major exams. Unlike traditional datasets, ESTBook goes beyond data aggregation by enriching questions with formalized reasoning trajectories and distractor rationales that capture specific cognitive traps. Through extensive evaluations, we empirically demonstrate the practical utility of our diagnostic framework, showing that identifying cognitive trajectories facilitates the mitigation of performance gap and improves pedagogical reasoning through guided elicitation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_17056
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle From Test-taking to Cognitive Scaffolding: A Pedagogical Diagnostic Benchmark for LLMs on English Standardized Tests
Tang, Luoxi
Sundar, Tharunya
Meng, Yuqiao
Yang, Shuai
Patra, Ankita
Chippada, Lakshmi Manohar
Zhao, Jiqian
Li, Yi
Ma, Weicheng
Xi, Zhaohan
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into educational tools, current evaluations on standardized tests predominantly focus on binary outcome accuracy. Instead, an effective AI tutor must exhibit faithful reasoning, elucidate solution strategies, and diagnose specific human misconceptions. To bridge this gap, we introduce a pedagogical diagnostic framework that models English Standardized Test (EST) problem-solving as a traversal through a cognitive framework. Based on this framework, we present ESTBook, a multimodal benchmark encompassing 10,576 questions and 29 task types across five major exams. Unlike traditional datasets, ESTBook goes beyond data aggregation by enriching questions with formalized reasoning trajectories and distractor rationales that capture specific cognitive traps. Through extensive evaluations, we empirically demonstrate the practical utility of our diagnostic framework, showing that identifying cognitive trajectories facilitates the mitigation of performance gap and improves pedagogical reasoning through guided elicitation.
title From Test-taking to Cognitive Scaffolding: A Pedagogical Diagnostic Benchmark for LLMs on English Standardized Tests
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.17056