Neutral-Hosts In The Shared Mid-Bands: Addressing Indoor Cellular Performance
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866918229406908416 |
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| author | Rochman, Muhammad Iqbal Palathinkal, Joshua Roy Sathya, Vanlin Yavuz, Mehmet Ghosh, Monisha |
| author_facet | Rochman, Muhammad Iqbal Palathinkal, Joshua Roy Sathya, Vanlin Yavuz, Mehmet Ghosh, Monisha |
| contents | The 3.55 - 3.7 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) band in the U.S., shared with incumbent Navy radars, is witnessing increasing deployments both indoors and outdoors using a shared, licensed model. Among the many use-cases of such private networks is the indoor neutral-host, where cellular customers of Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) can be seamlessly served indoors over CBRS with improved performance, since building loss reduces the indoor signal strength of mid-band 5G cellular signals considerably. In this paper, we present the first detailed measurements and analyses of a real-world deployment of an indoor private network serving as a neutral-host in the CBRS band serving two MNOs. Our findings demonstrate significant advantages: (i) minimal outdoor interference from the CBRS network due to over 22 dB median penetration loss, ensuring compatibility with incumbent users; (ii) substantial indoor performance gains with up to 535$\times$ and 33$\times$ median downlink and uplink throughput improvements, respectively, compared to the worst-performing MNO; (iii) reduced uplink transmit power for user devices (median 12 dB reduction), increasing energy efficiency; and (iv) significant capacity offload from the MNO network (median 233 resource blocks/slot freed in 5G), allowing MNOs to better serve outdoor users. These results highlight the potential of low-power indoor CBRS deployments to improve performance, increase spectrum efficiency, and support coexistence with current and future incumbents, e.g., the 3.1 - 3.45 GHz band being considered for sharing with federal incumbents in the U.S. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_18360 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Neutral-Hosts In The Shared Mid-Bands: Addressing Indoor Cellular Performance Rochman, Muhammad Iqbal Palathinkal, Joshua Roy Sathya, Vanlin Yavuz, Mehmet Ghosh, Monisha Networking and Internet Architecture The 3.55 - 3.7 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) band in the U.S., shared with incumbent Navy radars, is witnessing increasing deployments both indoors and outdoors using a shared, licensed model. Among the many use-cases of such private networks is the indoor neutral-host, where cellular customers of Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) can be seamlessly served indoors over CBRS with improved performance, since building loss reduces the indoor signal strength of mid-band 5G cellular signals considerably. In this paper, we present the first detailed measurements and analyses of a real-world deployment of an indoor private network serving as a neutral-host in the CBRS band serving two MNOs. Our findings demonstrate significant advantages: (i) minimal outdoor interference from the CBRS network due to over 22 dB median penetration loss, ensuring compatibility with incumbent users; (ii) substantial indoor performance gains with up to 535$\times$ and 33$\times$ median downlink and uplink throughput improvements, respectively, compared to the worst-performing MNO; (iii) reduced uplink transmit power for user devices (median 12 dB reduction), increasing energy efficiency; and (iv) significant capacity offload from the MNO network (median 233 resource blocks/slot freed in 5G), allowing MNOs to better serve outdoor users. These results highlight the potential of low-power indoor CBRS deployments to improve performance, increase spectrum efficiency, and support coexistence with current and future incumbents, e.g., the 3.1 - 3.45 GHz band being considered for sharing with federal incumbents in the U.S. |
| title | Neutral-Hosts In The Shared Mid-Bands: Addressing Indoor Cellular Performance |
| topic | Networking and Internet Architecture |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18360 |